I agree that the BB-theory doesn´t explain everything. (To me it explains nothing at all)
I don´t know which BB-model the scientists in the linked article below are counting on:
Scientists have now detected a galaxy
COSMOS-AzTEC-1 which surprises the scientists. According to the formation theory and predictions in the Big Bang theory. A 12.4 bill. years old galaxy, close to the 13.8 bill age of the Universe, are giving the scientist some problems
LOL
Do you do that a lot? Read some articles, without understanding them?
In the article you quoted, it stated the distance of COSMOS-AzTEC-1 being “12.4 billion light years away” from our galaxy, not the age of this galaxy being “12.4 billion years old”.
You are confusing the article’s use of distance with mistaken impression that it to be speaking of the galaxy’s age.
Let me give some examples, regarding to distance and age in astronomy.
The mean distance between Sun and Earth is about 8 minutes and 19 seconds, in term of light speed. The distance between the Sun to the galactic centre of the Milky Way is 22,700 light years away.
All of those measurements regarding to light minutes and light years, are the distance between two points. They are not the measurement of ages. The Earth a you know is 4.54 billion years old, while the sun is about 4.6 billion years old.
The closest star to us, is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.37 light years away from our Sun, and this is talking about the distance from us, not Alpha Centauri‘s age.
Now Alpha Centauri is a 3-star system (trinary star system) -
- Alpha Centauri A (Rigil Kentaurus), main sequence star, yellow dwarf
- Alpha Centauri B, main sequence star, orange dwarf
- Alpha Centauri C (Proxima Centauri), red dwarf star
Stars A & B, orbit around each other so they are referred to as a binary star, while star C, orbits around both A & B.
Proxima Centauri (C) is the closest star to us, at 4.22 light years away from our Sun. However, due to the low mass and low luminosity of Proxima Centauri, we can only see C with a telescope, not the naked eye.
All 3 of stars are of different ages:
A is about 4.4 billion years old
B is about 6.5 billion years old
C is about 4.85 billion years old
All four stars (including our Sun) are Population I stars, meaning it is “3rd generation star”.
Do you what the oldest star discovered, in our Milky Way?
This is J0815+4729. It is about 7200 light years away from our Sun, and approximately 33,000 light years from the Milky Way’s centre; both numbers I have given you, are distance, not the measurement of this star’s age.
The age of J0815+4729 is about 13.5 billion years old. It was formed about 300 years after the Big Bang.
We know it’s age, because it is a Population II star, with metal deficiency stars, meaning these type of stars, have very little elements heavier than helium (look up “Metallicity”, which explained different generations of stars, by stars’ contents, eg their richness or deficiency of elements heavier than helium).
J0815+4729 is a carbon rich star, but with very little iron, hence that’s why it referred to as Population II star.
Population III stars are first generation stars, forming about 150 million years after the Big Bang, and they have no metals (meaning no elements heavier than helium). No Population III stars have been detected so far, because first generation stars, then be all very massive, and very short-lived stars, that have become blackholes, or gone supernova, so trace or remnants of the supernovae have left no trace for us to detect now.
Anyway, back to my original points. All these examples I have given you, are examples of distances and ages of stars. So when astronomers talk of “light years” that they are referring to distance of star from another object (eg from the Earth, from the Sun, or from the galactic centre of the Milky Way). They are not referring to the star’s or galaxy’s age.
You have made mistake of confusing the article referring to the galaxy’s distance with the age of the galaxy. The light years given to COSMOS-AzTEC-1 referred to its distance from the MW, not its age.
Anyway, once again, you pick astronomy articles, which you have misunderstood what they are saying.