But it is not true that through huge numbers of mutations we get something to help. Here is an analogy. Take the text of the King James Bible which has over 3 million characters in it. Now randomly start changing individual letters to some other random letter. It will not lead to War and Peace.
Again, as I said, you are arguing against magic, not evolution. Only gods do magic, and we do not see any magic. So you are also anti-god.
In the 1960 apologist/creationists came up with the anti-evolution strawman "I have never seen a monkey turn into a human."
Because they were morons.
A proper analogy at least closer to what is happening is ONE word would occasionally change in any of the billions of copies of the Bible. Most making no sense and would be ignored or the book would be thrown away for the mistake.
Occasionally a word might appear that enhanced peoples understanding of what the author was trying to say, make it more readable to the average person and the word stayed when reprints were done.
The idea here that it is "not true" that adaptations don't help a species is about as misinformed as saying germs don't make people sick.
You truly do not care about what is actually true.
Some examples of mutations that helped humans:
Lactose Tolerance
The domestication of plants and animals roughly 10,000 years ago profoundly changed human diets, and it gave those individuals who could best digest the new foods a selective advantage. The best understood of these adaptations is lactose tolerance (Sabeti
et al., 2006; Bersaglieri
et al., 2004). The ability to digest lactose, a sugar found in milk, usually disappears before adulthood in mammals, and the same is true in most human populations. However, for some people, including a large fraction of individuals of European descent, the ability to break down lactose persists because of a mutation in the lactase gene (
LCT). This suggests that the allele became common in Europe because of increased nutrition from cow's milk, which became available after the domestication of cattle. This hypothesis was eventually confirmed by Todd Bersaglieri and his colleagues, who demonstrated that the lactase persistence allele is common in Europeans (nearly 80% of people of European descent carry this allele), and it has evidence of a selective sweep spanning roughly 1 million base pairs (1 megabase). Indeed, lactose tolerance is one of the strongest signals of selection seen anywhere in the genome. Sarah Tishkoff and colleagues subsequently found a distinct LCT m
Malaria Resistance
The development of agriculture also changed the selective pressures on humans in another way: Increased population density made the transmission of infectious diseases easier, and it probably expanded the already substantial role of pathogens as agents of natural selection. That role is reflected in the traces left by selection in human genetic diversity; multiple loci associated with disease resistance have been identified as probable sites of selection. In most cases, the resistance is to the same disease—malaria (Kwiatkowski, 2005).
Malaria's power to drive selection is not surprising, as it is one of the human population's oldest diseases and remains one of the greatest causes of morbidity and mortality in the world today, infecting hundreds of millions of people and killing 1 to 2 million children in Africa each year. In fact, malaria was responsible for the first case of positive selection demonstrated genetically in humans. In the 1940s and 1950s, J. B. S. Haldane and A. C. Allison demonstrated that the geographical distribution of the sickle-cell mutation (Glu6Val) in the beta hemoglobin gene (
HBB) was limited to Africa and correlated with malaria endemicity, and that individuals who carry the sickle-cell trait are resistant to malaria (Allison, 1954). Since then, many more alleles for malaria resistance have shown evidence of selection, including more mutations in
HBB, as well as mutations causing other red blood cell disorders (e.g., a-thalassemia, G6PD deficiency, and ovalocytosis) (Kwiatkowski, 2005).
Pigmentation
As proto-Europeans and Asians moved northward out of Africa, they experienced less sunlight and colder temperature, new environmental forces that exerted selective pressure on the migrants. Exactly why reduced sunlight should be a potent selective force is still debated, but it has become clear that humans have experienced positive selection at numerous genes to finely tune the amount of skin pigment they produce, depending on the amount of sunlight exposure.
The role of selection in controlling human pigmentation is not a new idea; in fact, it was first advanced by William Wells in 1813, long before Darwin's formulation of natural selection (Wells, 1818). In recent years, signals of positive selection have been identified in many genes, with some signals solely in Europeans, some solely in Asians, and some shared across both continents (Lao
et al., 2007; McEvoy
et al., 2006; Williamson
et al., 2007). Evidence for purifying selection has also been found to maintain dark skin color in Africa, where sunlight exposure is great.
A good example of selection for lighter pigmentation is the gene
SLC24A5, which was one of the first to be characterized. Rebecca Lamason and her colleagues identified a mutation in the zebrafish homologue of this gene that is responsible for pigmentation phenotype. The investigators then demonstrated that a human variant in the gene explains roughly one-third of the variation in pigmentation between Europeans and West Africans, and that the European variant had likely been a target of selection (Lamason
et al., 2005). In related work, Angela Hancock and her colleagues examined many genes involved in metabolism, and they showed that alleles of these genes show evidence of positive selection and correlate strongly with climate, suggesting that humans adapted to cooler climates by changing their metabolic rates (Hancock
et al., 2008).
Are there any other creationist lies you want to pretend are real (or failed to know from lack of learning and fact checking)?