Looncall
Well-Known Member
This is getting ridiculous. First, some historical background:
Kragh, H. (2013). Superheavy elements and the upper limit of the periodic table: early speculations. The European Physical Journal H, 38(3), 411-431.
From the abstract:
"Artificially produced chemical elements heavier than uranium have been known for more than seventy years and the number of superheavy elements continues to grow. Presently 26 transuranic elements are known. This paper examines the earliest scientific interest in the very heavy elements and the related question of an upper limit of the periodic system. In the period from the 1880s to the early 1930s, three kinds of questions appealed to a minority of physicists, chemists and astronomers: (1) Why is uranium the heaviest known element? (2) Do there exist transuranic or super-heavy elements elsewhere in the universe, such as in stellar interiors? (3) Is there a maximum number of elements, corresponding to a theoretical limit for the periodic system?The early attempts to answer or clarify these questions lacked a foundation in nuclear physics, not to mention the total lack of experimental evidence, which explains why most of them were of a speculative nature. Although the speculations led no nothing, they are interesting in their own right and deserve a place in the history of the physical sciences." (emphases added; I've attached/uploaded the paper)
Second, the periodic table and indeed the entirety of classifications of chemical elements in a world concerned with beta-decays, muans, gluans, cosmic strings, etc., and an enormous number of isotropes is useful but also a historical byproduct (see attached/uploaded "Are the elements really elementary?")
Third, for less boring albeit less technical (and not historical) papers for those interested in the mysteries of the cosmos, I've tried to find some decent journals that aren't too technical, out-dated, or boring. Mostly that meant Nature. The one possible exception is the the UMIST database report from 2012 I had on hand, but I didn't check for updates nor is it the only astrochemical database. I also threw in a paper from the 2014 special issue of Physics of the Dark Universe on steller nuclear reactions in relation to the chemical elements.
Fourth, I scanned the appendix from Kutner, M. L. (2003). Astronomy: A physical perspective (2nd Ed.). Cambridge University Press. "Appendix G: Abundances of the Elements"
Thanks for these. I shall enjoy looking through them. I don't suppose that the stabilities of heavy elements is likely to vary with location in the universe, though.
What I was exercised about was the notion that elements can have varying numbers of protons in their nuclei.