Can a person not believe in the God of Abraham and be a Christian?
I don't believe in a Supreme Being, I am a Pantheist
My "God" is metaphysical rather than personal
I don't believe in this guy:
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However: I believe that Jesus Christ is somehow real (but won't go into the details of that here, not right now)
I believe that he is at work in our world right now, and I find the stories about him in the Christian scriptures to be inspiring and wise
So I don't know whether or not I can call myself a Christian
On RF the Christian DIR is under the Abrahamic DIR so I don't think I can really be active in there if I don't believe in the God that most people who profess to be Christians believe in
Yes. If you just read just the red quotes of a red quote bible, that highlights the sayings of Jesus in red lettering, than that works. Jesus is part of a new dispensation where BC becomes AD. The change from ancient to modern times, in western culture is based on the life of Jesus. The modern international year is based on Jesus. It is useful to learn from the history that came before, but it is not necessary, if you learn the change.
As far as Paul, he spoke less about the heart. and more to the mind, since not everyone can have a change of heart, unless their mind can also see the logic. Jesus was an extreme example of a loving and forgiving heart, that was hard to copy, if one was too intellectual. Paul offered reason and logic for this change. Paul even addressed the Roman Senate, who were all well educated and well read to give his rational. Paul was then executed, due the implication of law being made obsolete. Rome needed law to maintain order in the empire and what Paul taught and explain was destabilizing. Jesus led by example which was less of a threat to Rome.
Jesus taught about the forgiveness of sins. Sin is not imputed where there is no law. Gambling is lawful in some States but not in others. There is only sin where it is illegal and there is a law. Where there is no law, there is no social sin. Law defines sin. If Jesus forgives sin, then this neutralizes law, since forgiven means no sin which means no law.
As an example, say the road sign said $50 speeding fines. You are speeding and are pulled over. The trooper is nice and lets you off with a warning. If you do the math, he forgave the sin of speeding, by not issuing the fine; no punishment means no sin. At that moment, you were free from the law of speeding and sin, due to his kindness and forgiveness. Sin is not imputed where there is no law and inversely law is not imputed where there is no sin, due to forgiveness. This upset the Pharisees since they believe only God could alter the law via forgiveness.
Psalm 32-1: Blessed is he whose transgressions are forgiven, whose sins are covered. Blessed is the man whose sin the LORD does not count against him and in whose spirit is no deceit.
Paul creates logic to explain how law is evil, since it creates knowledge of evil. To know the law you also need to know the evil, so you can avoid the evil. Without law this evil knowledge, may not have dawned on you, allowing your heart to stay cleaner. Through the law comes the knowledge of sin and evil. Law teaches you shady behavior, so you can avoid, what you were already avoiding, by not knowing about it. After learning law, there is extra evil data in your brain. This is repressed to be good and can lead to compulsion. When Prohibition made alcohol illegal, the amount of crime, even among law enforcement increased. This is textbook example of the negative effects of law. When it was repealed the evil died down.