Logic (from the
Greek λογική,
logos)
[1] has two meanings: first, it describes the use of valid reasoning in some activity; second, it names the normative study of
reasoning or a branch thereof.
[2][3] In the latter sense, it features most prominently in the subjects of
philosophy,
mathematics, and
computer science.
Logic was studied in several ancient civilizations, including
India,
[4] China,
[5] Persia and
Greece. In the West, logic was established as a formal discipline by
Aristotle, who gave it a fundamental place in philosophy. The study of logic was part of the classical
trivium, which also included grammar and rhetoric. In the East, logic was developed by
Buddhists and
Jains.