I was referring to YEC specifically.
If this is the case, how do we know that one "day" in the biblical context is not equivalent to hundreds of millions of years on our calendar?
this is exactly what the hebrew word in question CAN signify...the length of a YOM is undetermined. Its like the common farewell phrase- "i'll see you later" - When is later? Its not a determined day or time, it could be later in the afternoon or tomorrow morning or next week or next month.
In the interest of clarity, "kind" cannot be equated with "genus" for the simple fact that they are too specific and numerous to have fit two of each on the ark. Perhaps a broader grouping such as "class" or "phylum" would be more appropriate for your argument.
Looking forward to it.
As i said, the genesis kinds are those animals who can interbreed. We know that the large cats can be interbred...they produce hybrids, but it shows that they are of the same 'kind'
What do scientists call the animals which are interfertile, even though they may not be the same species? That is what a genesis kind would be equivalent to.
On that point....can monkeys/gorillas/chimps of any sort be interbred? Yes, apparently a koolakamba is a hybrid of a chimp and gorilla... but science says that humans cannot be crossbred with any of the ape family. Simple reason for that is because they are not of the same 'kind'.
We can interbreed a camels and a llamas, a Tiger and Lion, Horse and Zebra, dog and wolf, grizzly bear and polar bear, leopard and lion, bottlenose dolphin and killer whale, Gibbon and Siamang monkeys, Maraque's of different species... but humans and monkeys of any kind cannot interbreed to produce hybrids.
I have been searching for lists of animals by category of their genus and below is just as one example, the following list of birds show that its quite possible (assuming this list is exhaustive) that Noah needed to only take 2 of each of the following birds into the ark and from them, all the subcategories have slowly evolved. This list means that its possible only 56 birds (27 pairs) would have been required.
Bird orders
This is a list of the taxonomic orders in the class Aves. The list of birds gives a more detailed summary, including families.
Paleognathae:
- Struthioniformes, Ostrich, emus, kiwis, and allies
- Tinamiformes, tinamous
Neognathae:
- Anseriformes, waterfowl
- Galliformes, fowl
- Gaviiformes, loons
- Podicipediformes, grebes
- Procellariiformes, albatrosses, petrels, and allies
- Sphenisciformes, penguins
- Pelecaniformes, pelicans and allies
- Ciconiiformes, storks and allies
- Phoenicopteriformes, flamingos
- Accipitriformes, eagles, hawks and allies
- Falconiformes, falcons
- Turniciformes, button-quail
- Gruiformes, cranes and allies
- Charadriiformes, plovers and allies
- Pteroclidiformes, sandgrouse
- Columbiformes, doves and pigeons
- Psittaciformes, parrots and allies
- Cuculiformes, cuckoos
- Strigiformes, owls
- Caprimulgiformes, nightjars and allies
- Apodiformes, swifts
- Trochiliformes, hummingbirds
- Coraciiformes, kingfishers
- Piciformes, woodpeckers and allies
- Trogoniformes, trogons
- Coliiformes, mousebirds
- Passeriformes, passerines
I am in no way claiming this to be fact btw. Im not a biologist so I dont even begin to claim to know all the different species of animals today but what im speculating is roughly how many animals Noah may have taken onto the ark. Noah's instructions were to take 2 of every 'kind' of unclean animals, and 7 of every 'kind' of clean.
The bible does list clean and unclean animals but the list in Leviticus 11 would only be those animals living in the region where Moses was... so it cannot be concluded that the bible list is exhaustive of all the animals in the world. What is interesting though is that we see several birds are grouped as a kind in Lev 11:13-17 "the eagle , osprey, black vulture, red kite , black kite according to its kind"
These birds are all listed as
'birds of prey' in this wiki list and so its quite possible that all birds of prey came from an original pair of 'birds of prey' that Noah took onto the ark... and from that pair all other 'birds of prey' have descended.