This NOT a response to my requests to you to describe: . .
What independent criteria would you propose to believe one over the others when you lack verifiable evidence, only subjective claims that your version is more true than others?
Your criticism of other beliefs is not the issue. Please respond to the specific question.
Nonetheless is relevant to your one sided claim of who is responsible for the crimes against humanity, and attempts to ethic cleanse non-believers.
Such as millennia of Jewish, Christian and Islamic brutality against those who believe differently.
over six million Jews were ethnically cleansed by Hitler following the recommendations of MArtin Luther. You must realize that Christian all over Europe enthusiastically supported Hitler's 'final solution.' Persecution and attempts of ethnic cleansing of JEws by Christians has a long history. The 'Passion Plays' of Europe inspired widespread violence against Jews for Millennia.
en.wikipedia.org
The
persecution of Jews has been a major event in
Jewish history, prompting shifting
waves of refugees and the formation of
diaspora communities. As early as 605 BCE, Jews who lived in the
Neo-Babylonian Empire were persecuted and deported.
Antisemitism was also practiced by the governments of many different empires (
Roman empire) and the adherents of many different
religions (
Christianity), and it was also widespread in many different regions of the world (
Middle East and
Islamic).
Jews were commonly used as
scapegoats for tragedies and disasters such as in the
Black Death Persecutions, the
1066 Granada Massacre, the
Massacre of 1391 in Spain, the many
Pogroms in the Russian Empire, and the tenets of
Nazism prior to and during
World War II, which led to
The Holocaust and the murder of six million Jews.
In the
Middle Ages,
antisemitism in Europe was
religious. Many Christians, including members of the
clergy,
held the Jewish people collectively responsible for the killing of
Jesus. As stated in the
Boston College Guide to Passion Plays, "Over the course of time, Christians began to accept … that the Jewish people as a whole were responsible for killing Jesus. According to this interpretation, both the Jews present at Jesus Christ's death and the Jewish people collectively and for all time, have committed the sin of
deicide, or 'god-killing'. For 1900 years of Christian-Jewish history, the charge of deicide has led to hatred, violence against and murder of Jews in
Europe and
America."
[8]
During the
High Middle Ages in
Europe, there was full-scale persecution of Jews in many places, with
blood libels, expulsions,
forced conversions and
massacres. The persecution reached its first peak during the
Crusades. In the
First Crusade (1096), flourishing communities on the
Rhine and the
Danube were utterly destroyed, a prime example being the
Rhineland massacres.
[9]
In the
Second Crusade (1147), Jews in
France were subject to frequent massacres. The Jews were also subjected to attacks by the
Shepherds' Crusades of 1251 and
1320. The Crusades were followed by expulsions.
All English Jews were banished in 1290. 100,000 Jews were expelled from France in 1396. In 1421, thousands were expelled from
Austria. Many of the expelled Jews fled to
Poland.
[9]
As the
Black Death epidemics devastated Europe in the mid-14th century, annihilating more than half of the population, Jews were taken as
scapegoats. Rumors spread that they caused the disease by deliberately
poisoning wells. Hundreds of Jewish communities were destroyed by violence in the
Black Death persecutions. Although
Pope Clement VI tried to protect them by
papal bull on July 6, 1348 - with another following later in 1348 - several months afterwards, 900 Jews were
burnt alive in Strasbourg, where the plague hadn't yet affected the city.
[10]
One study finds that persecutions and expulsions of Jews increased with negative economic shocks and climatic variations in Europe during the period from 1100 to 1600.
[11] The authors of the study argue that this stems from people blaming Jews for misfortunes and weak rulers going after Jewish wealth in times of fiscal crisis. The authors propose several explanations for why Jewish persecutions significantly declined after 1600:
- (1) there were simply fewer Jewish communities to persecute by the 17th century;
- (2) improved agricultural productivity, or, better-integrated markets may have reduced vulnerability to temperature shocks;
- (3) the rise of stronger states may have led to more robust protection for religious and ethnic minorities;
- (4) there were fewer negative temperature shocks.
By the way antisemitism and violence against Jews is prevalent and increasing in America today as it has been in USA history.,
- (5) the impact of the Reformation and the Enlightenment may have reduced anti-semitic attitudes.
Christian history has a very long and brutal "Dark side."
