Yes, you do try.
Evolution doesn’t have a moral component in itself, but it does apparently produce beings that care about morality. It produces beings (us) who care about the well being of ourselves and of others. If it didn’t, we wouldn’t be sitting here talking about morality at all. That’s what morality is – a system by which we evaluate the consequences of actions to determine whether or not we should consider them good or bad or right or wrong. If morality is about well-being, as I think it is, then there can be at least some moral truths to be found. It’s not arbitrary. The fact that we have any morality to begin with means we are concerned about such things. What’s arbitrary is following the whims of some deity that simply dictates morality to us.
Your tap dancing in a mine field here. To say it does not contain a moral component is deduced from the fact that nature cannot ever tell us what we should do. 2 + 2 does not equal though shall not murder. Yet in the next line you say it produces creatures who care about it. So now you have smuggled in a transcendent morality that we care about but that nature cannot produce. You have in fact made an argument for my point. If you look at nature of our own history then evolution has created every form of behavior imaginable and validates them al because it allows for no objective standard to judge which are right. It has produced examples of creatures caring for each other, and examples of creatures torturing, killing, oppressing, enslaving, and eating each other. It is both justification for benevolence and the worst malevolence possible. It also does not contain nor does it produce any way of determining which is which. Even most of it's benevolent behaviors includes components that come at the expense of other creatures which have just as much inherent value as we do. So again choosing to base morality on parental care instead of over predation is simply a matter of arbitrary preference. It is not moral to for instance think that human well being is the prime directive because it comes at the expense of the rest of nature. Human well being leaves chickens, cows, sheep, and pigs to be the subject of our whims and eventually killed for our gain. What you call morality is actually unjustifiable speciesm which is less justifiable than even racism and far more immoral. Thanks God humanity has never thought evolution was a good enough basis for morality to actually use it.
In a world where we care about morality we’re talking about maximizing actions in respect to doing the best for everyone involved (maximizing well being), which I think is an objective question, rather than a subjective one because it’s not simply contingent on a single opinion of a single person and we are bound by the constraints of the world we live in.
That is not what we do. We arbitrarily decide without any justification that maximizing humanity justifies virtually minimizing the rest of nature. It is a might makes right justification or it has no justification. It is most certainly not objectively true that we should even maximize our own existence. We do not even attempt to do this. When we treat al life equally then you can point to that as an example of acting constant with your world view. We never have, we do not currently even try, and I imagine we never will.
I’m referring to your claim that without god we’re stuck with subjective morality and personal opinion, etc. When I say that we are bound by the laws of nature in determining moral codes what I mean is that we are all physical beings existing in a physical universe where the consequences of our actions are dictated by the physical laws that exist in that universe. If I stab someone in the chest with a knife, the physical consequence is that the person is harmed or killed. That is an objective reality that we cannot get around. There should be some objective truths to be found. It’s in our best interest as a group, to discover these truths.
You might have missed by definitions so let me supply them. There are two forms of morality. One which is purely preference and one which is actually true.
The best you can do without God is:
Malum prohibitum (plural
mala prohibita, literal translation: "wrong [as or because] prohibited") is a
Latin phrase used in
law to refer to conduct that constitutes an unlawful act only by virtue of
statute,
[1] as opposed to conduct evil in and of itself, or
malum in se.[2
This one is pure opinion and preference. It is what we contrive without their even being a truth to the matter to connect it to. This however would be the only choice without God.
But with God we can do infinitely better:
Malum in se (plural
mala in se) is a
Latin phrase meaning
wrong or
evil in itself. The phrase is used to refer to conduct assessed as sinful or inherently wrong by nature, independent of regulations governing the conduct. It is distinguished from
malum prohibitum, which is wrong only because it is prohibited.
If I am to pump cows full of steroids, risk my families life to stop a Hitler, make laws that condemn a man to death, or believe that humanity has any claim to supremacy which comes at the expense of the rest of nature then I would hope the second form is the true form. The first is actually better identified as ethics. I think to use the same term for what is so inherently different to be unnecessarily confusing.
I’ve heard it described as a game of chess, for example. In a game of chess there are rules that are determined in order to play the game. However those rules came about (whether subjectively or arbitrarily or whether they evolved and changed over time), the evaluation of any move you make with respect to those rules is actually objective. If you move a rook in a way that violates the rules of the game or violates the strategy of the goal of the game (to win) then you can say that would be an objectively bad move. There’s nothing subjective about it. If it’s in our best interest to win the game, then there are objective moves to be made to achieve it. When you’re playing the game with the fixed set of rules, you are evaluating the consequences of actions with respect to those rules. If the game is nature, then we are evaluating the consequences of our actions with respect to the existing rules of the nature we find ourselves living in.
In chess humanity has created the rules and admits they are not moral and only suffice for a game. Evolution would be better compared to gravity. It simply says what is. You can invent rules concerning gravity (like don't jump off a cliff) but they are merely preferences and non-moral. Evolution is the exact same as the rest of nature. It only can tell us what is (providing we can accurately conclude what it is doing) and can never tell us what should be.
Or compare it to health, as Sam Harris does. When we talk about health, we’re talking about physical well-being. It’s in our best interest to be healthy, unless we want to die or be terminally sick or in pain. There are truths to be found about health. If we want to talk about what is and isn’t healthy, we’re talking about objective facts. For example, it’s an objective fact that drinking battery acid isn’t good for one’s health. Most people would die if they did so. So drinking battery acid is unhealthy or bad. That’s not a subjective opinion. But there are some differences to be found depending on different scenarios – some people are allergic to pencillin as I am, so ingesting penicillin for me, is objectively bad but not so much for someone who’s not allergic to it. So it would be unhealthy for me to ingest penicillin, but healthy for another person to take it because it may save their life. My idea of pain might be different from your idea of pain, or maybe you have a higher threshold for pain than I do. So we may evaluate certain actions differently, depending on the amount of pain it may cause us. But just because there is some subjective component to health doesn’t mean we can’t make any objective determinations about health at all.
I would not use Harris, he was forced to admit that he has no basis for objective morality but instead assumed it into existence, and he did so in public and on tape. I will make a request below that will allow you to put what you said here into practice.
Our own, based on the evaluation of the consequences of our actions that occur in the physical universe we find ourselves in.
Ok, our own. In 5000 years we have had 300 free from major warfare. So war is an inherent good or right if our own evolutionary past is the foundation for morality. So is slavery, so is oppression, so is genocide, so is rape, etc.......... You have but two choices. Grant them all
whether you like them or not, or contradict your own criteria and instead use opinion and preference to select which actions you like.
By the way, I don’t defend homosexuality purely on the basis of whether or not it is found in nature.
I do not remember who did it but it was used in just that way by several others.
You have used empathy, maximizing life (this one no one uses and which if we did would be contradictory), maximizing human life (this one we do use but only a theist has justification for), or cherry picking behaviors found in evolutionary history as a grounds for morality. Can you show it is not pure preference in choosing any one of them? After all there is no objective foundation for what should be used for morality without God.