If you claim to be a muslim, then I am prepared to hear you intepretation of these text. Explain the context which these were written.
ok, but please note that I am putting effort and time into this, as many texts arent translated so I have to either translate, or find translation of specific quotes/narrations online.. but since this is your reply you seem to be sincere so here is my explanation. A necessary background on what was going on at the time is important for a proper understanding.
The beginning of Islam was in Makkah, it spread secretly. Whoever was discovered to reject idols and accept the messege was either killed or tortured. There was great oppression. The prophet was hurt by the state, so he ordered some to go to a Christian King in Absynia, who was known to be a just ruler. He offered shelter and peace after asking them about their story and beliefs. (He later on became Muslim). There are so many stories about persecution and how painful it was for them but I wont mention the stories here.
(However, I recommend you watch the movie "The Messege" to understand what it was really like. It will certainly help in knowing the background and events of that time (even if you dont believe in Islam), and therefore not only understand verses better, but Muslims as well, and hadeeths.)
Anyhow, later on, the people of Madinah, known as Ansar , had accepted the message, and the Muslims had to migrate to Madinah. This date is when the Muslim calender starts. They split their wealth with those who migrated from Makkah, offering complete support and aid, as they had left everything behind. Some would say that they should now resist oppression and fight, but the prophet peace be upon him asked them to be patient.
The following is from a website (not my words) :
Abdullah ibn Jahsh became a Muslim before the Prophet entered the House of al-Arqam which became a meeting place, a school and a place of refuge for the early Muslims. He was thus one of the first to accept Islam.
When the Prophet gave permission for his Companions to emigrate to Madinah to avoid further persecution from Quraysh, Abdullah ibn Jahsh was the second to leave, preceded only by Abu Salamah. Emigrating was not a new experience for Abdullah. He and some members of his immediate family had migrated before to Abyssinia. This time, however, his migration was on a far bigger scale. His family and relatives--men, women and children, migrated with him. In fact, his whole clan had become Muslims and accompanied him.
There was an air of desolation as they left Makkah. Their homes appeared sad and depressed as if no one had lived there before. No sound of conversation emanated from behind those silent walls.
Abdullah's clan were not long gone when the alerted Quraysh leaders came out and made the rounds of the districts in Makkah to find out which Muslims had left and who had remained. Among these leaders were Abu Jahl and Utbah ibn Rabiah. Utah looked at the houses of the Banu Jahsh through which the dusty winds were blowing. He banged on the doors and shouted:
"The houses of the Banu Jahsh have become empty and are weeping for its occupants." "Who were these people anyway," said Abu Jahl derisively, "that houses should weep for them." He then laid claim to the house of Abdullah ibn Jahsh. It was the most beautiful and expensive of the houses. He began to dispose freely of its contents as a king would share out his possessions .
Later, when Abdullah ibn Jahsh heard what Abu Jahl had done to his house, he mentioned it to the Prophet, peace be upon him, who said:
"Aren't you satisfied, O Abdullah, with what God has given you instead, a house in Paradise?"
"Yes, messenger of God," he replied, and became at peace with himself and completely satisfied.
(Now my words + words of others)
Later on, the prophet peace be upon him sent Abdullah Ibn Jahsh to collect information on the movements of Quraish. He and those with him were excited and happy to do so. This was during months known as the sacred months in which all forms of fighting and bloodshed was considered really wrong even in the eyes of the idol worshippers.
However, they ended up fighting with them and took two prisoners back to Mamdinah. They went to the Prophet, peace be upon him, and informed him about what they had done. The Prophet was greatly upset and strongly condemned their action. "By God, I did not command you to fight. I only commanded you to gather information on the Quraysh and observe their movements."
Abdullah ibn Jahsh and his men then knew that they had fallen into disgrace and felt certain that they were ruined because of their disobeying the command of the Prophet. They began to feel the pressure as their Muslim brothers censured them and avoided them whenever they passed one another. And they would say, "These went against the command of the Prophet."
Their discomfiture grew when they learnt that the Quraysh had taken the incident as a means to discredit the Prophet and denounce him among the tribes. The Quraysh were saying: "Muhammad has defiled the sacred month. He has shed blood in it, plundered wealth and captured men."
Imagine the extent of the sadness felt by Abdullah ibn Jahsh and his men at what had happened, more so because of the acute embarrassment they had caused the Prophet.
They were sorely tormented and the agony weighed heavily on them. Then came the good news that Allah--Glorified be He--was pleased with what they had done and had sent down revelation to His Prophet about this matter. Imagine their happiness! People came and embraced them, congratulating them on the good news and reciting to them what had been revealed in the glorious Quran about their action.
"They ask you about fighting in the sacred month. Say: Fighting therein is an enormity as well as preventing (people) from the path of God and disbelief in Him. Expelling people from the Masjid al Haram is a greater sin in the eyes of God. Moreover, persecution is greater than killing. And they will continue to fight you until they turn you back from your religion if they are able.
Ibn Abbas raa (companion of the prophet and scholar of the Qur'aan) said that when fighting (back) did become eventually allowed, some disliked it. So its basically about human nature, and how sometimes people are forced to fight even if they dont want to. Its really as simple as that. (Permission [to fight] has been given to those who are being fought, because they were wronged. And indeed, Allah is competent to give them victory.)
This is in summary. Hope my thoughts weren't too disconnected.
