What about people who were addicted to a drug and just stopped, without AA/NA? They do exist. I think AA/NA caters to a certain personality type, and it works for some of them, but I don't think it's essential for everyone.
I don't see it as essential either. And I wouldn't say it appeals to a certain personality type per se. I think it really has more to do with other factors, such as what toolsets in life they have had, or have been exposed to, as one example.
It's basically a program of mental hygiene, sort of 'poor man's' therapist. It's group support, and practical tools, such as addressing things like guilt, shame, remorse, resentments, obsessive patterns and whatnot. It's a program that teaches self-honesty, and as a result of that humility. These can of course be found in other types of programs, or just doing general therapeutic work, trauma work, shadow work, etc.
The other fact to bear in mind as well is that addiction is not just one thing with everyone on skidrow or helpless junkies. Addition has different stages of severity. A great book that was recommended to me from my therapist that explains the stages of Addiction as a process is this one:
The Addictive Personality: Understanding the Addictive Process and Compulsive Behavior
It applies to all types of addictions; alcohol, drugs, sex, gambling, shopping, hoarding, etc.
So you have those who have more mild addictions, but then it can progress into a more 'can't quit on your own but can still function holding a job, paying bills and stuff stage. To develop into you feel you'll die without it, and you'll die with it desperation when you lose everything rock bottom destroying your health, life, and mind addiction.
I knew a Jewish heroin addict who was really offended by the Lord's Prayer at NA meetings because it was Christian in origin.
Of course. There's many different flavors of it and some can be overtly Christian, and others very neutral about "God" and such, some rather conservative, some rather postmodernist even. It's a complex world. They are not centrally run, via a top down hierarchy. Each group is self-sustaining and self governed as to things like 'prayers', or what have you.
There are plenty of atheists in AA groups, and things like "Higher Power" are understood as the AA group itself, for instance, which is perfectly valid.
It's not easy to stand silent while the majority is engaging in Christian-based God talk.
A healthy AA group should allow for objections to that, and they should be respectful of that. I know of groups where they used to say the Lord's Prayer at the beginning, but members objected it was too religion specific, so they dropped it. The goal of AA is to help people remain sober, not to preach their religion of choice to them. That's not AA. That's a church group.
Anyway, she finally made it out of her addiction but I think it was despite NA, not because of it. The key in my opinion is changing one's social circle and habits. There are no "gateway drugs" but there are gateway people.
Well, yes, but part of the social circle that is helpful to those seeking recovery is a support group of those who they can relate themselves to. It's by hearing others stories about their addictions, and you sharing yours that provides that support. It is literally rewriting your self-narrative for the better every time you say it.
There's a great book I would recommend, written by a Jewish author in AA, incidentally, that I find very insightful as I just touched upon:
The Spirituality of Imperfection: Storytelling and the Search for Meaning