The very best evidence they have is the fact that the disciples turned from sniveling cowards who hid during the crucifixion into dynamic evangelists who were willing to die for their faith. Why? If not the resurrection, then what?
It was prophesied that they would strike the Shepherd and the sheep would scatter......they were human after all.
Zechariah 13:7....(Tanakh)
"O sword, awaken against My shepherd and against the man who is associated with Me! says the Lord of Hosts. Smite the shepherd, and the flock shall scatter, and I will return My hand upon the little ones."
I think most of the written record is nothing but legends. I don't think Mary Magdeline talked to Jesus. I don't think Thomas put his fingers into Jesus' wounds.
You think? OK ....you can think whatever you wish.....does it make any difference to what others believe?
What I DO find believable, and very, very fascinating is the story of the Road to Emmaus. The whole way there, the men did not recognize "Jesus." Apparently he looked quite different. Indeed for all practical purposes he appeared to be a different person. It was only when he broke bread, that there was something in his manner that reminded them of Jesus.
I think this story is what is at the heart of what really happened. It was actually not Jesus on the road, but the manner in which he broke bread caused a sense of de ja vu so strong that they wondered if he were not Jesus in disguise. And so the rumors began.
You think a lot apparently......could there possibly be another explanation?
When Jesus broke the bread and they recognized him, what happened next?
Here is the account from Luke 24....
"But we had hoped that he was the one to redeem Israel. Yes, and besides all this, it is now the third day since these things happened. 22 Moreover, some women of our company amazed us. They were at the tomb early in the morning, 23 and when they did not find his body, they came back saying that they had even seen a vision of angels, who said that he was alive. 24 Some of those who were with us went to the tomb and found it just as the women had said, but him they did not see.” 25 And he said to them, “O foolish ones, and slow of heart to believe all that the prophets have spoken! 26 Was it not necessary that the Christ should suffer these things and enter into his glory?” 27 And beginning with Moses and all the Prophets, he interpreted to them in all the Scriptures the things concerning himself.
So they drew near to the village to which they were going. He acted as if he were going farther, 29 but they urged him strongly, saying, “Stay with us, for it is toward evening and the day is now far spent.” So he went in to stay with them. 30 When he was at table with them, he took the bread and blessed and broke it and gave it to them. 31 And their eyes were opened, and they recognized him. And he vanished from their sight. 32 They said to each other, “Did not our hearts burn within us while he talked to us on the road, while he opened to us the Scriptures?”
Sometimes it pays to read the whole account.....not only did they recognize him when he broke the bread, but he vanished right before their eyes. Humans of flesh and blood do not have the ability to "appear" and "disappear" but spirit beings do. Angels had appeared to God's servants like Daniel (Gabriel) and the three who visited Abraham at Mamre......they appeared as humans, but they were materialized spirit beings.
The disciples did not always recognize him because he 'appeared' in different bodies. For a doubting Thomas he even made one with the wounds of his execution, but at other times no mention was made of his injuries which would have been obvious to any observer. He was a physical wreck at the time of his death. They physically escorted Lot and his family out of Sodom.
Our scripture tells us that Jesus was 'put to death in the flesh but raised as a spirit' in order to return to his Father in heaven....a place where humans cannot go. He lingered for 40 days after his resurrection to strengthen his apostles because of what had taken place with their "Shepherd". That is why they they regained their spiritual strength and were fortified to face all that was to come, especially at the hands of the Jews.
It is often this way after someone dies. . . . .
But it was nevertheless figurative, rather than literal. It was just that those they tried to explain it to took it literally, and it became encoded into Christian teaching as a literal story, and so the legends built up around it, "proving" it.
There is no way to "prove" anything in the Bible that requires faith.....if we have "proof" then no faith is necessary......it is by our faith that we tell God how much we trust him and his word.