Now that I am reading it again, I really do wonder what the Pope meant by that in an expanded view. So those calling themselves Christian here yes, I wonder if they believe in the distinct process of evolution...extending to...yes, what about Mary getting pregnant? Would they say that goes against the theory of evolution? If they do why not explain it? If like the Pope says God is not a wizard...
The problem with the gospel story about Mary's miraculous conception & pregnancy, is her egg not being fertilised. That’s what biologists called “parthenogenesis“.
Parthenogenesis is “one form” of ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION, that occurred among some animals.
There other types of asexual reproduction.
Like fission or binary fission for unicellular prokaryotes, like bacteria and archaea. Fission involved with the parent organism (eg bacteeia) dividing itself into 2 daughter cells, that inherited identical genes as the parent organism.
Budding, a reproductive process that I don’t fully understand, occurred with some fungi; I could be wrong here, but I think budding occurs when there is a growth that growing and it is part of the parent organism, the new organism break away from the parent. Then there is another type of asexual reproduction where organisms eject spores, more precisely sporogenesis, occurs among fungi and for phyla of seedless plants.
Parthenogenesis, is the only way for animals to undergo asexual reproduction.
Here, parthenogenesis occurs without the need of fertilisation, meaning there are NO FUSION the 2 gametes (2 cells) - sperm and ovum (egg), as there are no sperm involved in this type of reproduction. The unfertilised ovum or egg, simply the full gene from the (female) parent.
In sexual reproduction, fertilisation for sexual reproduction (for animals), required production of sperm by male, annd ovum (or unfertilised egg) by the female. During copulation, sperm would fuse with ovum, thereby fertilisation occurred, and this fusion of 2 distinct gamete cells would formed into a single zygote cell, the fertilised egg. The embryo would only form, when the zygote undergo a series of cell divisions, thereby producing news for the growing
You should understand sexual reproduction of animals, as human go through this, to make babies.
Going back to parthenogenesis. The only animals capable of asexual reproduction like parthenogenesis are invertebrates, some families of fishes, some families of amphibians, less so with reptiles and with birds. Parthenogenesis have been observed (hence evidence for parthenogenesis to these animals).
But here is the most important point, there are no observed evidence of parthenogenesis ever occurring among mammals, hence it is isn’t possible & isn’t probable for any human to reproduce via parthenogenesis, as the gospels of Matthew & Luke.
Humans are terrestrial tetrapod vertebrate mammals, humans don’t belong to the groups of reptiles, birds or amphibians.
And here is the 2nd part that, you and every creationists don’t understand: humans all have total of 46 chromosomes.
When a man produce sperms, during reproduction, these sperms would only 23 chromosomes. A woman’s ovum (unfertilised egg) would only have 23 chromosomes too. It is only though fertilisation, the zygote cell will have 46 chromosomes.
So if we are to believe story of Mary conceiving without fertilisation, then her egg would only have 23 chromosomes too, and Jesus would be born with only 23 chromosomes.
That’s not possible, nor biologically & medically probable. There are cases, when there are missing even one or two chromosomes, there is likely chance that the growing embryo would develop tumour, and if it didn’t die at birth (or before birth), it would have serious defects. But missing 23 chromosomes?!
Parthenogensis isn’t possible among humans.