They have banned covering the face. I would have understood if the reason behind the ban was security, but their main issue was to "protect secular values".
Don't get me wrong, I don't think the government should tell people what they can or cannot wear (other that when we are talking about safety or identification as has already been mantioned), and I do think the burka ban is a sign of european islamophobia.
But I would like to try and explain the "protection of secular values" to you.
We have had the same discussion in my country (Denmark), but no burka ban has been imposed.
Both Denmark and France are what I would describe as secular countries. Religion does not play a big part in peoples lives.
Religion is usually considered a private thing, and wearing very visable religious symbols is frowned upon.
You just don't push your religion in other peoples faces. Such is the local culture (in Denmark at least).
When people choose to wear clothes like a burka or even just a head dress, they very clearly signal their religion to the people around them.
This is seen by many people of disrespect to local customs/value, that is that muslims don't respect the country they live in.
And this again adds to the islamophobia.
People then feel that they have to do something and suddenly you have a burka ban designed to "protect secular values".