cause and effect CANNOT be separated
With another sentence: "Everything is connected and entangled" - Even native tribe cultures knew that and to a large extend, they also knew HOW and WHY = a causality.
Well, then, your instructor needed to update his/her understanding of modern science. As stated, this is simply false.
Further on:
Causality, as classically understood, is simply false. Given initial conditions it is usually not possible to predict the specific outcome of a single experiment, even in theory.
It is very common and normal for modern educated scientists and laymen to state such a denial.
Quote from -
Causality - Wikipedia
“Causality is an abstraction that indicates how the world progresses, so basic a concept that it is more apt as an explanation of other concepts of progression than as something to be explained by others more basic. The concept is like those of agency and efficacy.
For this reason, a leap of intuition may be needed to grasp it”.
Yes but "intuition" and "natural philosophy" isn´t learned in scientific physics, which is why all kinds of "cosmological statements" are full of dogmas which aren´t explained:
"Everything in the Universe is formed from nothing in the Big Bang".
"The Universe is suddenly increasing the velocity of the expansion".
"Dark energy" is added in order to confirm this dogma.
"The Solar System is formed from a cosmic cloud which suddenly decided to collapse in it self".
"Dark matter is inserted in galaxies just to confirm the gravity dogmas".
- And so on and so on . . . No natural and logical causal explanations, but loads of assumptions on what´s going on. And if the assumptions fails, more dark this and that are just added into the already failed assumptions.
Again:
"Quote from -
Causality - Wikipedia
“Causality is an abstraction that indicates how the world progresses, so basic a concept that it is more apt as an explanation of other concepts of progression than as something to be explained by others more basic. The concept is like those of agency and efficacy.
For this reason, a leap of intuition may be needed to grasp it”.
That is: In order to be able explain causal cosmological conditions, INTUITION and PHILOSOPHICAL THINKING is needed in order to grasp causal conditions and THEN describe and underpin these causal facts with modern scientific methods.