Let me tell you a story about the last Bar Mitzvah I attended.
For those with no experience in the matter, the child leads a good part of the service, leading the prayers, reading from the Torah, and presenting a sermon (a dvar torah) based on what was read. The child is typically the product of a number of years of Jewish religious school which prepares the boy or girl for this occasion.
In this case, the Torah portion was the Akedah - the famous (or infamous) Binding of Isaac.
After doing a fine job reading the Torah portion in Hebrew, this 13 year boy proceeded to speak at length about how and why God was unjust in His handling of the situation. The arguments were the arguments of a fairly smart 13 year old - praise worthy but certainly not brilliant. What was noteworthy and obvious was the following:
- The child clearly thought through the matter.
- He was supported in doing so by the Rabbi, his other instructors, and his parents.
- The congregation was proud of his performance and not in least surprised or offended by his interpretation of the matter at hand.
And what makes me most proud is the realization that I find nothing particularly surprising about that particular service. Children are not indoctrinated at my synagogue; they are taught scripture and tradition and encouraged to think about both deeply and honestly. At least for the Reform, Conservative, and Reconstructionist movements here, in Europe, and in Israel, I very much suspect that this is the norm.