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How would an Historical JC be Defined?

Jonathan Hoffman

Active Member
I actually have Wilson's book. It is interesting to say the least. However, I won't be making a response to the entire book, as that is a little much. If there would be points in it that you would want to discuss, I would be happy to do that.

I'm not sure how you get to your conclusions though. It seems as if you are seeing that Paul said something, and then making the assumption that if anyone else said that, it must have been because of an influence by Paul. That really is not sound logic though. For your argument to be taken seriously, you need to show that the Gospel writers were aware of Paul's letters and teachings, accepted such teachings, and then utilized them. You haven't done that.

Does Paul say that faith is more important than works though? I would argue that he does not. The theology of Paul argues that one needs both. Now, the Old Perspective on Paul did think that Paul argued for faith, and only faith, which was really a product of Augustinian thought. However, the New Perspective has seen Paul in a very different light. Pamela Eisenbaum, a Jewish scholar, in her book, Paul Was not a Christian, shows how this New Perspective is the view that is now accepted, and that Paul himself was a Jew.

As for the other statements, they are just too vague. Where does Paul state what John 3:16 does? Where do the Gospels as Paul speak about Jesus dying for their sins? Your argument just does not have substance.

As for the mission of Jesus, that is quite debated. However, there is a consensus that it was apocalyptic or eschatological in nature. Jesus often speaks of the Kingdom of God, which is a future Kingdom.

You are confusing Paul with James

Have you heard of redactions in the bible (such as the longer ending of Mark??

I suggest you read Paul and James by James Tabor, a recent book that explains the Pauline redactions in the gospels.
 

oldbadger

Skanky Old Mongrel!
Please allow me to bring up the nativity yet again. I believe that most of you have completely discarded the whole story. It's very mention seems to be a historical 'faux-pas'. Oh well!...........

And so..... You're a man of, say, 25-30 years with a young wife in, say, mid term pregnancy. You live in Nazareth and work as a Carpenter or handyman. The city just over the hill goes into uproar..... nothing to do with you or your people, just those stuck up semi-Jews, thinking above their station yet again. The Romans get p-ssed off and have to go to the trouble of instructing the (Syrian?) Legate to sort it out. A whole blooming Legion has to come all the way to Sepphoris. They defeat the mob, enslave the captives, force them to take the city apart, and then crucify them. Job sorted.

But...... hold on..... Armies in transit forage and pillage for their supplies. If a commander can pay something for what is taken, he might do, but he wouldn't have to! These soldiers would cast far to either side of their route, and far around that city, for anything they wanted. And another thing that soldiers might do is bully, murder or rape. They would have looked down upon the local people, and if they dehumanised them....

And what might have been the fate of a mid-term woman in all this?

Question:- What would you have done if you had been Joseph? I would have gathered what few movable valuables I had, and taken my wife far away from any such army, any such crisis. Get out! And so I think that Joseph did get out, down the Jordan valley, and out.... maybe as far as Egypt. He may have recounted how he met and received navigational help from some merchant travellers (follow that star!). He may have been with Shepherds when Mary gave birth.

And the evangelists built upon it. And thousands of years later, the historians threw the baby away with the bath water.
 
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fallingblood

Agnostic Theist
You are confusing Paul with James

Have you heard of redactions in the bible (such as the longer ending of Mark??

I suggest you read Paul and James by James Tabor, a recent book that explains the Pauline redactions in the gospels.

I am not confusing Paul and James. And yes, I have heard of redactions in the Bible. I have also done proper study on the subject. If you east to argue for a Pauline overtone by later redactors, you must support that claim.

As for Tabor, I believe I have read all of his work (unless a paper of his has escaped my sight). Again though, I will not do an entire critique of a book. If you want to discuss a specific idea, I can do that. But not the entire book.
 

oldbadger

Skanky Old Mongrel!
I don't think anybody has a clue. The writings are convoluted, they might make sense to the authors, but beyond that who knows?

Hi..! I think there are clues. I think that the synoptics stripped of evangelism provide credible clues........enough to salvage several months of a person's life from.

I do feel that it can be done, or I wouldn't bother with any of it.
 

John Martin

Active Member
Jonathan wrote:
As for the mission of Jesus, that is quite debated. However, there is a consensus that it was apocalyptic or eschatological in nature. Jesus often speaks of the Kingdom of God, which is a future Kingdom.

Jesus Christ announced his good news with the statement ‘the Kingdom of God is at hand, repent’. It is the good news of Jesus’ realization of oneness of his consciousness with the divine consciousness. It is the good news of peace and liberation or empowerment. His mission was twofold. Firstly, it is to break down all the artificial and man-made walls of division between God and human beings and between one human group and another human group and establish one God, one creation and one human kind and thus bring peace in the world; secondly, it is to liberate people from all the oppressive structures (social, political, economic and religious) and establish a society of justice, equality and peace in which human beings unfold or manifest the divine attributes of love, compassion and sharing in human relationships. His mission was to be a peacemaker and liberator or empowerer. He invited everyone to realize this good news and become instruments of peace and empowerment.
The Kingdom of God is not a future event. It is to transform our life into life of God and our actions into actions of God. Jesus Christ said, 'the work which I do are not my own but the father who dwells in me does his works'. This is the statement of someone who lived in the kingdom of God.
There are four principles which can be considered as the foundation of Jesus’ vision: firstly, there is only one God and this one God is God of all; He is greater than human beings and belief systems. Secondly, human beings, as manifestations of God or in the image and likeness of God, are greater than belief systems and they have the potential to realize their oneness with God. Thirdly, belief systems or religions and all spiritual paths are meant to be at the service of human beings to realize their potentiality and not humans at their service. Fourthly, the purpose of human existence is to realize oneness with God and unfold or manifest the divine attributes of love, compassion and sharing in human relationships.( above material is taken from my article 'The Christian Mission in India Today, put in the website ofwww.Interdependence.eu and www.christ3000.org.)

The performance of miracles- the phenomenon of resurrection etc.are all secondary aspects.
 

Jonathan Hoffman

Active Member
I am not confusing Paul and James. And yes, I have heard of redactions in the Bible. I have also done proper study on the subject. If you east to argue for a Pauline overtone by later redactors, you must support that claim.

As for Tabor, I believe I have read all of his work (unless a paper of his has escaped my sight). Again though, I will not do an entire critique of a book. If you want to discuss a specific idea, I can do that. But not the entire book.

Some redactions are easily proven because they were not contained in the earliest and best MSS. Major examples are the longer ending of Mark 16:9-20 and the periscope adulterae John 7:53, both which inject Pauline theology in the gospels. Other redactions are discovered by textual criticism which relies on contradictions or changes in writing style or language, etc.

To see Tabor's view of Pauline influence in the gospels, see pages 7,12,49,90,147 and 148 in his very recent book Paul and Jesus.

And here is an excerpt from a link that shows some of the parallels:

The Gospel of Mark as Pauline? | Euangelion Kata Markon
  1. The dominant use of the noun euangelion (Note how often the singular noun euangelion (gospel) is in Mark and Paul and how rare it is prior to and in the rest of the NT (cf. Steve Mason, “Methods and Categories: Judaism and Gospel“).
  2. The significance of the cross as the apocalyptic turning point of history. Also, the view of the crucifixion as an atoning death (Mark 10:45; Rom 3:25; 5:8).
  3. Jesus victory over demonic powers (Markan exorcisms; Rom 8:38-39; 1 Cor 15:24).
  4. The advent of the age of divine blessings in fulfillment of prophecy (Mark 1:1-14; Rom 3:21-22). Jesus as the New Adam (Rom 5:12-19; 1 Cor 15:45; the temptation narrative in Mark and Jesus’ dazzling clothes in the transfiguration).
  5. Importance of faith in Jesus or God and the dualism between the elect who can truly see versus the blind outsiders (Mark 4:10-12; Rom 11:7-10; 1 Cor 2:6-16). Dualism can lead to a universalistic perspective (Mark 10:45; Rom 11:35-42).
  6. The mission to the Jew first and then to the Gentile (Syrophoenician woman in Mark 7:27-29; Rom 1:16).
  7. Jesus came to redeem sinners (Mark 2:17; Rom 4:15; 5:18-19).
  8. Negative views of Peter with the rest of the twelve (e.g. hardnesss of heart, calling Peter Satan or 3 denials) and Jesus’ family (Mark 3:20-21, 31-35; 8:31-33; Gal 2).
  9. The widening of the divine purpose to incorporate Gentiles was accomplished by an apocalyptic change in the Law (e.g., see the very similar language in Mark 7:19 and Rom 14:20 about the abrogation of the food laws).
So what do you think? Is this enough evidence to put the Gospel of Mark (along with other later Paulinists = Colossians/Ephesians, Luke-Acts, Pastorals, Ignatius) in the Pauline sphere of influence or are these alleged parallels simply generally held more widely in the early Christian movement?


The Gospel of Mark as Pauline? | Euangelion Kata Markon
 

Jonathan Hoffman

Active Member
Jonathan wrote:
As for the mission of Jesus, that is quite debated. However, there is a consensus that it was apocalyptic or eschatological in nature. Jesus often speaks of the Kingdom of God, which is a future Kingdom.

Jesus Christ announced his good news with the statement ‘the Kingdom of God is at hand, repent’. It is the good news of Jesus’ realization of oneness of his consciousness with the divine consciousness. It is the good news of peace and liberation or empowerment. His mission was twofold. Firstly, it is to break down all the artificial and man-made walls of division between God and human beings and between one human group and another human group and establish one God, one creation and one human kind and thus bring peace in the world; secondly, it is to liberate people from all the oppressive structures (social, political, economic and religious) and establish a society of justice, equality and peace in which human beings unfold or manifest the divine attributes of love, compassion and sharing in human relationships. His mission was to be a peacemaker and liberator or empowerer. He invited everyone to realize this good news and become instruments of peace and empowerment.
The Kingdom of God is not a future event. It is to transform our life into life of God and our actions into actions of God. Jesus Christ said, 'the work which I do are not my own but the father who dwells in me does his works'. This is the statement of someone who lived in the kingdom of God.
There are four principles which can be considered as the foundation of Jesus’ vision: firstly, there is only one God and this one God is God of all; He is greater than human beings and belief systems. Secondly, human beings, as manifestations of God or in the image and likeness of God, are greater than belief systems and they have the potential to realize their oneness with God. Thirdly, belief systems or religions and all spiritual paths are meant to be at the service of human beings to realize their potentiality and not humans at their service. Fourthly, the purpose of human existence is to realize oneness with God and unfold or manifest the divine attributes of love, compassion and sharing in human relationships.( above material is taken from my article 'The Christian Mission in India Today, put in the website ofwww.Interdependence.eu and www.christ3000.org.)

The performance of miracles- the phenomenon of resurrection etc.are all secondary aspects.

Much of the differences between Jesus and Paul can be summed up thusly:

Jesus: Repent from sin!

Paul: Repent from unbelief!

And as I recall Paul never spoke of the Kingdom of God as Jesus did.

Paul and Jesus' sayings represent 2 vastly different religions that were awkwardly fused together in the Acts.
 

Jonathan Hoffman

Active Member
Fallingblood,

Other items to consider are that the Q document and the Didache contain no Pauline theology. I think the gospel of Thomas is also devoid of Pauline doctrine, through I will have to recheck to be sure.
Jonathan
 

fallingblood

Agnostic Theist
Some redactions are easily proven because they were not contained in the earliest and best MSS. Major examples are the longer ending of Mark 16:9-20 and the periscope adulterae John 7:53, both which inject Pauline theology in the gospels. Other redactions are discovered by textual criticism which relies on contradictions or changes in writing style or language, etc.
Redactions do not mean that later Pauline influenced writers were the redactors though. I am not doubting that there are redactions; I am very familiar with them. However, what I am doubting is that these redactions were done by people in the Pauline school (who often disagreed with Paul anyway, and in fact, we see interpolations within authentic letters of Paul, because later "Pauline" teachers found what Paul was saying to be too liberal).

In addition, you can't judge the entire book by a later redaction. There is a later addition because later writers did not agree with the earlier writers.
To see Tabor's view of Pauline influence in the gospels, see pages 7,12,49,90,147 and 148 in his very recent book Paul and Jesus.
I don't have Tabor's book with me. I am currently on vacation/work trip, and did not bring it with me. If you want to discuss certain ideas though, please post them here.
And here is an excerpt from a link that shows some of the parallels:

[*]The dominant use of the noun euangelion (Note how often the singular noun euangelion (gospel) is in Mark and Paul and how rare it is prior to and in the rest of the NT (cf. Steve Mason, “Methods and Categories: Judaism and Gospel“).
Matthew also used the term though. More so, other Greek writers used the term as well, and forms of the term were used in the Septuagint.

Luke though, who actually speaks of Paul, never uses the term nor does John. And even Mark doesn't use it very often when one takes away the redacted part.

More so, the link that is attached here, by Steve Mason, actually contradicts your comment that the Gospels followed a Pauline idea. He actually states that Luke, John, and Matthew take a completely different route.

Finally, the same use of a word, one that is developed in the Christian community, does not suggest much. The link attached says that Paul developed and defined the word for Christian use. However, everyone who uses it does not need to be a follower of Paul. It would be like saying that anyone who uses the term Allah must be a Muslim. That simply is not true.
[*]The significance of the cross as the apocalyptic turning point of history. Also, the view of the crucifixion as an atoning death (Mark 10:45; Rom 3:25; 5:8).
Mark 10:45 says nothing of this. It does not mention the cross, an apocalyptic turning point, or anything. Neither does Romans. They see a significance in the death of Jesus, but so did all early members of the Jesus movement, regardless of following Paul or not.

The apocalyptic turning point for Paul though was the resurrection. In fact, that is a common idea in Judaism of that time, that of resurrection. While Paul subscribed to the idea of a general resurrection, none of the Gospel writers (with the exception of Matthew you actually states that it occurred when Jesus was resurrected) do. They see Jesus as being special.
[*]Jesus victory over demonic powers (Markan exorcisms; Rom 8:38-39; 1 Cor 15:24).
Or, in other words, a common motif of Jewish leaders during that time. That is why we also see it in Matthew and Luke, as well as the OT.
[*]The advent of the age of divine blessings in fulfillment of prophecy (Mark 1:1-14; Rom 3:21-22). Jesus as the New Adam (Rom 5:12-19; 1 Cor 15:45; the temptation narrative in Mark and Jesus’ dazzling clothes in the transfiguration).
Mark doesn't talk about the New Adam. That is a Pauline idea, that is not found in the Gospels.

As for the age of divine blessing in the fulfillment of prophecy, other Gospels talk about it as well, and they borrow it from the OT. In fact, Mark actually quotes from Isaiah. In fact, all of the Gospel writers quote from the OT, and all focus on Jesus fulfillment of prophecy. As did other Jewish writers who saw a messiah in someone else.
[*]Importance of faith in Jesus or God and the dualism between the elect who can truly see versus the blind outsiders (Mark 4:10-12; Rom 11:7-10; 1 Cor 2:6-16). Dualism can lead to a universalistic perspective (Mark 10:45; Rom 11:35-42).
This is also seen in Gnostic texts, that largely reject Paul. Not a convincing argument.
[*]The mission to the Jew first and then to the Gentile (Syrophoenician woman in Mark 7:27-29; Rom 1:16).
And Luke and Matthew stated the same thing. In fact, one can find the same idea in the OT, which is why Paul quotes the OT in his defense.
[*]Jesus came to redeem sinners (Mark 2:17; Rom 4:15; 5:18-19).
Also found in Gnostic ideas, which largely rejected Paul.
[*]Negative views of Peter with the rest of the twelve (e.g. hardnesss of heart, calling Peter Satan or 3 denials) and Jesus’ family (Mark 3:20-21, 31-35; 8:31-33; Gal 2).
Peter might be scolded, but the overall impression isn't negative. You can't take one or two events as if they are all characteristics. Plus, the view that Paul has for the family of Jesus is quite positive. He sees James as being the leader of the church, and never says anything bad about him. In fact, Paul submits to him.
[*]The widening of the divine purpose to incorporate Gentiles was accomplished by an apocalyptic change in the Law (e.g., see the very similar language in Mark 7:19 and Rom 14:20 about the abrogation of the food laws).
[/LIST]
If you read all of Paul, he only says that Gentiles do not have to follow the food laws, and or the other Jewish laws. After all, they aren't Jews. There was no change in the law for Paul. Instead, looking at the OT, he saw that all the nations would be able to enter into fellowship, and he implemented that in his ideas as he thought it was the end of times.
So what do you think? Is this enough evidence to put the Gospel of Mark (along with other later Paulinists = Colossians/Ephesians, Luke-Acts, Pastorals, Ignatius) in the Pauline sphere of influence or are these alleged parallels simply generally held more widely in the early Christian movement?
Well, Luke-Acts often completely disagrees with what you listed, and in fact, Steve Mason, in the first link, said that he went a completely different direction. As for the parallels, they mean pretty much nothing besides that these authors were influenced by Hebrew scripture.

The argument is extremely weak, as I showed above.

Other items to consider are that the Q document and the Didache contain no Pauline theology. I think the gospel of Thomas is also devoid of Pauline doctrine, through I will have to recheck to be sure.
We don't have the Q document. We have very little idea what is in the Q document, and many scholars reject the existence of a Q document as it is only hypothetical. We can not say what is not in the Q document as we don't have it. As for the Didache, and Thomas, I am sure that if you wanted to find Jewish ideas in either, you could say that they resemble Paul, as that is basically what you have done.

Paul was a Jew. Most of the early Christian writers were Jews. They used Hebrew Scripture. Of course there are going to be some parallels.
 

fallingblood

Agnostic Theist
Tabor is best avoided.
That's not really true. He has written some great material that is well accepted by scholars in those fields. He is a respected scholar, who has the credentials. He may explore ideas that many wouldn't venture, but he does provide evidence for his claims, and is willing to correct them based on critiques.
 

Copernicus

Industrial Strength Linguist
Fallingblood, do you have any thoughts on Gallatians 1:20, where Paul, after describing his 15-day visit with Peter and James, makes the assertion that he swears before God that he is not lying? Why would he feel necessary to deny he was lying? To me, that was a bit jarring, because (me being the skeptic that I am) it came off to me as "protesting too much" in the Shakespearean sense.
 

outhouse

Atheistically
That's not really true. He has written some great material that is well accepted by scholars in those fields. He is a respected scholar, who has the credentials. He may explore ideas that many wouldn't venture, but he does provide evidence for his claims, and is willing to correct them based on critiques.

You can read the trash if you want, there are many better sources to follow.

James Tabor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia


Richard Wightman Fox, professor of history, the University of Southern California, writing in Slate (April 2006) said, "Ultimately Tabor leaves the reader confused about whether he thinks the Jesus dynasty is a historical fact or merely an intriguing conjecture" and that "Tabor seems stuck in an endless loop, squinting across the sands of time as much as the terrain of Galilee and Judea, holding out for some imagined "real" contact with the historical Jesus" [3]

Darrell Bock, professor of New Testament studies at Dallas Theological Seminary, writing for Christianity Today (May 2006) has said "Four major historical problems exist with Tabor's portrait beyond the mere worldview issues that drive his portrait


"Some books are written to spread knowledge, others to generate controversy. This book falls into the latter category. In his Jesus Dynasty James Tabor presents a reconstruction of the Jesus movement from a perspective that purports to be a neutral view at the facts. Unfortunately, Tabor’s view is not neutral and his “facts” are not facts." [6]
 

fallingblood

Agnostic Theist
Fallingblood, do you have any thoughts on Gallatians 1:20, where Paul, after describing his 15-day visit with Peter and James, makes the assertion that he swears before God that he is not lying? Why would he feel necessary to deny he was lying? To me, that was a bit jarring, because (me being the skeptic that I am) it came off to me as "protesting too much" in the Shakespearean sense.

I think, to a point, it is Paul protesting a little much. I think the main thing though is that his apostleship has been called into question. The preceding verses seem to imply that the congregations that Paul started are now questioning his authority, and in fact are deserting him.

It would appear that some are claiming that Paul was actually the student of another Christian leader, and thus does not have the same authority as Peter, or whoever people were saying taught Paul. So he comes back with an angry retort that in fact, his message carries the same authority as any apostle.
 

fallingblood

Agnostic Theist
You can read the trash if you want, there are many better sources to follow.
You can't label an entire scholar's work trash because of one book that has a few negative reviews. Of course Bock is going to have a problem with Tabor. Bock is more conservative. I'm not sure about the other scholars, as I don't know them.

However, you completely skipped over the part of the Wiki article that stated that listed one of his works on Paul as one of the 10 best studies on Paul, as well as the other glowing reviews of his work.

As for Jesus Dynasty, the Wiki article you provided was quite biased. It focused much more on the negative reviews (and you focused only on the negative reviews). However, it has been endorsed by many scholars. Here is one such list Jesus Dynasty Endorsement. See that Bart Erhman is the first to endorse this work.

And if you took the time to actually read the full reviews by scholars on the book, you will see that they also respect Tabor or at least recognize his credibility. And yes, he has quite a few good reviews as well.
 

outhouse

Atheistically
You can't label an entire scholar's work trash because of one book that has a few negative reviews. Of course Bock is going to have a problem with Tabor. Bock is more conservative. I'm not sure about the other scholars, as I don't know them.

However, you completely skipped over the part of the Wiki article that stated that listed one of his works on Paul as one of the 10 best studies on Paul, as well as the other glowing reviews of his work.

As for Jesus Dynasty, the Wiki article you provided was quite biased. It focused much more on the negative reviews (and you focused only on the negative reviews). However, it has been endorsed by many scholars. Here is one such list Jesus Dynasty Endorsement. See that Bart Erhman is the first to endorse this work.

And if you took the time to actually read the full reviews by scholars on the book, you will see that they also respect Tabor or at least recognize his credibility. And yes, he has quite a few good reviews as well.


My judgement is quite valid after you take the TV shows he has produced and the lies ive seen hin try and pass off trying to sell unplausible history with Simcha Jacobovici.

Tabor had discussed the possibilities that this tomb might be linked to Jesus of Nazareth and his family.


Which you know has ZERO credibility and no plausibility.
 

fallingblood

Agnostic Theist
My judgement is quite valid after you take the TV shows he has produced and the lies ive seen hin try and pass off trying to sell unplausible history with Simcha Jacobovici.
You judgement is based on very little exposure to him, and bias. The fact that many scholars still see him as credible, and respectable, means that one can't logically just write him off as a kook, as you are trying to do. You need to deal with his arguments, not just attack him.

What you are doing is nothing more than a logical fallacy.
Which you know has ZERO credibility and no plausibility.
Have you read his book? Have you seen his arguments (and I'm not talking about just one TV show that obviously was made to be more extravagant)? There is plausibility. In fact, everything has some level of plausibility, at least in historic studies.

Plus, Tabor is only talking about something that may be a possibility, but he admits that more research needs to be done to either verify or refute that claim. It is a possibility. It may not be very plausible, but that means very little when there still is a need for research.

Now, since you haven't actually addressed my longer response to your previous claims, I'm going to assume you agree with me on all of that.
 

steeltoes

Junior member
Fallingblood, do you have any thoughts on Gallatians 1:20, where Paul, after describing his 15-day visit with Peter and James, makes the assertion that he swears before God that he is not lying? Why would he feel necessary to deny he was lying? To me, that was a bit jarring, because (me being the skeptic that I am) it came off to me as "protesting too much" in the Shakespearean sense.

Paul may have persecuted a religious sect that he since became in favour of so he may have been stressing that he was not lying and that he really was on the same side as Peter and James.
 

Copernicus

Industrial Strength Linguist
Paul may have persecuted a religious sect that he since became in favour of so he may have been stressing that he was not lying and that he really was on the same side as Peter and James.
My impression was that his credibility and authority were in question, and he was trying to establish it with this reference. After all, he, like any preacher today, was seeking credibility for his message. The problem for historicism, I think, is that it relies largely on a record of sales pitches. That is why we look for independent corroboration. After all, Paul was not Suetonius, Tacitus, or even Josephus. His main job was to convince folks of his mission.
 

outhouse

Atheistically
You judgement is based on very little exposure to him, .

False again.

I know enough of his lies and guesses to avoid his personal fantasy of Davidic lineage to Jesus on both parents side, and the Lukan fantasy that JtB and Jesus were cousins he takes as fact.


Sorry his mistakes anre wide and varied and there are much better teachers to learn from. Above is the tip of the iceberg.


He should be avoided at all cost if one wants to understand a historical Jesus.
 
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