How do we determine if someone is being exploited? I consider this to be central to this matter.
Good question. People define the word differently. I would say that if institutionalized or normalized bigotries unfairly limit your economic opportunities while enriching others greatly, you are being exploited. Others would say that anybody who generates more for the company than they receive from it - the usual reason people are hired and paid what they are - is exploited. I think Marx would.
I lived in Compton California (before the Mexicans took over)
When? I graduated from Inglewood High in 1970, also a little rough neighborhood. I spend a lot of time at the poker clubs in Gardena, also a seedy area. Didn't get to El Segundo or Compton much, but spent time in Watts. I live in Mexico now. They've completely taken over here.
If I own a small business and I can afford to pay someone money to scrub my toilets and sweep my floors, but I cannot afford to pay them 10% more and give them health insurance as well, according to your idea, I should not be allowed to employ them because I am shifting that 10% costs on to the tax payer; right? I say it is still good to pay someone who is currently getting 100% support from the tax payer to do my job because though they are still being supported by the tax payer, I would rather see their support reduced to 10% rather than no reduction at all
Some would say that a business that doesn't generate enough revenue to pay its full-time staff a living wage such that they are taxpayers rather than tax consumers shouldn't be publicly supported, but rather, should be allowed to fail.
Those that choose to do this not just to survive but rather to improve profits - the Walmarts and Starbucks - should be forced to spend more through taxation that covers those public expenses and ensures they pay a proportionate share for access to the commonwealth's infrastructure and markets. But that's not relevant to your situation. You say that you can't keep your doors open if you pay your workers a living wage. I understand why you want the public support, but you can understand why others prefer that somebody else try to make that location and the business in it more profitable for whoever owns it.
Making a living by exploiting others economically is not a legitimate way to make a living.
Agreed.
It has nothing to do with moving any goal posts. The goal was always the same: the best results for the most people.
I referred to the goal of the person going into business, which is usually to own a profitable business. You shifted the perspective to that of the philosopher. That's utilitarianism, which is the humanist view of the optimal society, and applies to greatest economic opportunity as well as the greatest social opportunity for the greatest number. But we don't expect shopkeepers to be philosophers or architects of societies. Their self-interest - making money - is assumed. Likewise with employees and customers, whose self-interests are earning more (they like raises) and spending less (and sales) respectively.
It doesn't matter what your purpose was.
It does if it falsifies your claim. You said that exploitation was the purpose of engaging in commerce. I answered that it wasn't mine. That makes your claim wrong. I told you what my purpose was, but it didn't comport with your evil capitalism trope, so you tried to dismiss it away with that comment.
You remind me of the religious pessimists who see life as suffering and the world as a terrible place. They only see the bad. They're trained to. The Jehovah's Witnesses who knock at my door are that way. When I tell them that I'm happy, they dismiss it like you did when I contradicted you with examples of the benefit and power of the profit incentive from my own life in me and an employee. You didn't like that, either - not because it was inappropriate as you implied, but because it contradicted you and falsified your claim: "Stop using yourself as the yardstick for everyone else's capabilities and desires."
capitalism is a rigged system that rewards the wealthy and powerful with more of both.
That's unregulated (or insufficiently regulated) capitalism, your straw man. In a healthy political climate, that can be managed as it is in the Western European democracies. America has lobbying.