Most English Bibles (KJV, NIV etc) say “the Word was God” in John 1:1. However the JW Bible (NWT) says “the Word was a god”. Which is right?
@Faithofchristian ,
Which agrees with the context of John?
John 1:18 says: “
No one has ever seen God.” John 1:14 clearly says that “the Word became flesh and dwelt among us . . . we have beheld his glory.” Also, vss.1 &2 say that in the beginning he was “with God.” Can one be
with someone and at the same time
be that person? At John 17:3, Jesus addresses the Father as “the only true God”; so, Jesus as “a god” merely reflects his Father’s divine qualities.—Hebrews 1:3.
Is the rendering “a god” consistent with the rules of Greek grammar? Some reference books argue strongly that the Greek text must be translated, “The Word was God.” But not all agree. In his article “Qualitative Anarthrous Predicate Nouns:
Mark 15:39 and
John 1:1,” Philip B. Harner said that such clauses as the one in
John 1:1, “with an anarthrous predicate preceding the verb, are primarily qualitative in meaning. They indicate that the logos has the nature of theos.” He suggests: “Perhaps the clause could be translated, ‘the Word had the same nature as God.’” (Journal of Biblical Literature, 1973, pp. 85, 87) Thus, in this text, the fact that the word the·osʹ in its second occurrence is without the definite article (ho) and is placed before the verb in the sentence in Greek is significant. Interestingly, translators that insist on rendering
John 1:1, “The Word was God,” do not hesitate to use the indefinite article (a, an) in their rendering of other passages where a singular anarthrous predicate noun occurs before the verb. Thus at
John 6:70, The Jerusalem Bible and King James both refer to Judas Iscariot as “a devil,” and at
John 9:17 they describe Jesus as “a prophet.”
Highly acclaimed scholar and Catholic priest (aTrinitarian) John L. McKenzie, S.J., in his Dictionary of the Bible, says: “Jn 1:1 should
rigorously be translated ‘the word was with the God [= the Father], and the word was
a divine being.’”—(Brackets are his.
Bold type mine. Published with nihil obstat and imprimatur.) (New York, 1965), p. 317.
In harmony with the above,
The Bible—An American Translation (1935), reads: “the Word was divine”;
Moffat, “the Logos was divine”;
The New Testament in an Improved Version (1808), published in London, “the word was a god.” In his German translation Ludwig Thimme expresses it in this way: “God of a sort the Word was.” Referring to the Word (who became Jesus Christ) as “a god” is consistent with the use of that term in the rest of the Scriptures. For example, at
Psalms 82:1-6 human judges in Israel were referred to as “gods” (Hebrew, ’elo·himʹ; Greek, the·oiʹ, at
John 10:34) because they were representatives of Jehovah and were to speak his law.”
— “Reasoning from the Scriptures” published by Jehovah’s Witnesses.