1877 BC. The family of Joseph cam to Egypt and took up residence in the land of Goshen. The city of Avaris (Zoan in the Bible), which later was called Tanis or Qantir, was the capital.
1850 BC. Sesostris III died after an exceedingly successful reign of 38 years. HE was succeeded by another great 12th Dynasty pharaoh named Amenemhet III. Under his reign Joseph continued as Prime Minister. A canal bearing Joseph’s name was constructed at this time.
1806 BC. Joseph died.
1802 BC. Amenemhet III died after a 48-year reign. During his reign Egypt was prosperous, tranquil, and productive. He was succeeded by Amenemhet IV who reigned for 9 years. During his reign, there was much internal strife for royal supremacy.
1791 BC. Amenemhet IV died and succeeded by the last pharaoh of the 12th Dynasty, Sebeknefrure.
1787 BC. Sebeknefrure’s reign of four years ended and with it ended the 12th Dynasty. The 13th Dynasty began. The reigns of succeeding pharaohs were short, and the empire began to dissolve. The Israelites, who no doubt are the "Hyksos" of archaeological fame, took advantage of the internal struggles to acquire a strong hand in the Egyptian government and indeed some of them may have reigned as pharaohs during this period.
1580 BC. (approx.) Several dynasties have ruled over Egypt since 1787 BC. At this time, Ahmose I began to reign as the first king of the 18th Dynasty. He forcibly began to remove the Israelites (Hyksos) from political power. The most war-like Israelites were driven from the land, and the Israelitish nation began to be severely oppressed. Either this pharaoh or a closely succeeding pharaoh such as Thutmose I could well have been the king who "did not know Joseph" (Exod. 1:8).
1560 BC. (approx.) Ahmose I was followed by his son Amenhotep I. Amenhotep I consolidated the gains of his father.
1540-1535 BC. (approx.) Thutmose I began to reign as king. He, too, was a continuation of the 18th Dynasty. He continued and probably intensified the oppressive measures against the Israelites; he was ruling when Moses was born. His animosity towards the Israelites was probably heightened b his troubles with Palestine and Syria. His reign was followed by that of his son Thutmose II.
1527 BC. Moses was born at a time when a royal edict condemned all Hebrew boy babies to be destroyed. Princess Hatshepsut, a daughter of the king, found Moses in the bulrushes and raised him as her son.
1501 BC. Thutmose III began to reign as the greatest king of the 18th Dynasty. For approximately the first 254 years of his reign, he was co-regent with Princess Hatshepsut. She regarded herself as a king and was the dominant ruler during this co-regency.
1487 BC. Moses fled from Egypt. King Hatshepsut, who had raised Moses as her son, sought to kill him because of his evident loyalty for the Israelites.
1481 BC. (approx.) King Hatshepsut died and Thutmose III continued to reign until the time of the Exodus.
1447 BC. Israel went out of Egypt during the reign of Thutmose III. The Exodus was after Israel had been in Egypt for 430 years (Gen. 12:40).
1407 BC. Israel’s entrance into Canaan.