From that dictionary's website (I'm not allowed to post the URL):
Definition of patriarchy
noun (plural patriarchies)
[mass noun]
a system of society or government in which the father or eldest male is head of the family and descent is reckoned through the male line:
the thematic relationships of the ballad are worked out according to the conventional archetypes of the patriarchy
a system of society or government in which men hold the power and women are largely excluded from it:
the dominant ideology of patriarchy
[count noun] a society or community organized on patriarchal lines:
we live in a patriarchy
Origin:
mid 17th century: via medieval Latin from Greek patriarkhia, from patriarkhēs 'ruling father' (see patriarch)
Granted, this isn't the most clear definition but whatever do you think "descent" refers to here? How that thing is transmitted from generation to generation is the essence of patriarchy.
Patriarchy is a tool for violent men to rule other violent men. No ideology is needed to oppress defenseless people such as women.
Patriarchy never conceptually meant to include any other form of gender bias until feminism came by and added to the concept as a propaganda strategy.
Thousands of years before feminism, patriarchy involved such bias as killing men while enslaving women (manly man = potential threat to the patriarch, womanly woman = potential wife for the patriarch or pliable slave for his gang).
Seeing this is a "Religious Education Forum", look at very early Islam for instance!