This educational article will identify some factors that contribute to marital distress and eventual divorce, the effect of divorce, and provide suggestions to prevent divorces. Factors that contribute to divorce can be divided into three categories: individual, couple, and contextual.
(a) Individual factors or traits include: general impulsiveness and a tendency to hurriedly marry because of the love at first sight, or before someone else gets there, low self esteem, depression, poor communication skills, neurotic behaviors, anger/hostility proneness, and dysfunctional beliefs about marriage, e.g. my spouse will be the same or better than my father, mother, former lover; or getting a divorce will be the solution to my marital problems. (b) Couple factors include: dissimilarity, short pre-marital acquaintance; premarital sex especially having a lot of experiences with several partners, premarital pregnancy, cohabitation, poor communication skills and lack of conflict-resolution skills. (C) Context or factors surrounding the marriage include: young age at marriage, family-of-origin, parental divorce or chronic marital conflict, parental or friends disapproval, pressure to marry, little education, cultural acceptance of divorce, ease of obtaining a divorce and lack of premarital education.
Factors that contribute to marital satisfaction and longevity are also divided into individual; couple and contextual. (a) Individual traits include, high self esteem, flexibility and ability to welcome or adapt to change and newer situations, assertiveness and sociability. (b) Couple traits include: Similarity, long acquaintanceship prior to marriage, good communication and conflict resolution skills and styles. (c) Context factors include: being older before marriage, healthy family-of-origin experiences, happy parental marriage, parental and friends approval, significant education and career preparation.