Tell me, the gases they used, in recreating Earth’s ancient atmosphere …. is it considered accurate?
Although I did do a semester in geology and 2 semesters in soil science during my civil engineering studies, it was only to learn to identify some rocks, types of sediments and soils that construction workers may encounter during any excavation. So I don’t consider myself expert in geology.
There were nothing in my studies that include more specialized or more advanced fields of studies, like stratigraphy, volcanism, or dating methods (eg radiometric dating, thermoluminescence dating), etc.
You may wonder what does gases in atmosphere have to do with geology, right?
Well I did pick up a few things over the last 10 years that have nothing to do with studies or experiences in civil engineering.
Just as bodies of long dead organisms can possibly fossilized in which people can examine and test the fossils and the surrounding rocks where they were buried, those rocks and fossils act like time capsules.
The same could also be true with gases can also be trapped in porous parts of the rocks, where scientists can test those gases, to find out what gases were presented in the atmosphere at the times before.
Their tests could reveal how much nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, argon, methane, etc, were in the atmosphere.
But it isn’t just rocks, where scientists can test for gases. They also do similar tests that identify gases in ice core samples in the Antarctica or Greenland, tests in tree rings, and bog pests.
But it isn’t just gases or fossils that they can test for.
Some tests could also identify pollens, flooding, droughts, fire, etc.
In tree rings, for example, can show that in some years, the seasons were wetter or dryer, or if there were fires.
These are where the experts are needed to identify WHAT occur WHEN.
My points in all this, is that the further back in times, especially during the Precambrian eons, especially layers of rocks known as the banded iron formation (BIF), these formations reveal the gases in atmosphere at the time.
For instance, about 2.4 billion years, the BIF revealed the Great Oxygenation Event (GOE), when there were free oxygen in the atmosphere, during the time where there were no plants to convert carbon dioxide into oxygen. The photosynthesis process occurred not by plants, but by the new genus and species of bacteria - the Cyanobacteria.
The oxygen in the atmosphere, resulted in higher levels of oxidation in rocks, hence there were thicker layer of oxidation. Some rocks have minerals containing iron in the minerals, and if you remember high school chemistry, oxidation of iron caused rust.
Before the Great Oxygenation Event, there were no free oxygen, oxidation occurred less.
With more oxygen in the air (in the atmosphere), it would reduce quantities of carbon dioxide and methane. This resulted in the first (and longest) glaciation period (you would commonly know glaciation periods as the Ice ages). This period was known as the Huronian Glaciation.
Are you understanding any of this?
Are you are confused...you did ask.