Absolutely and completely false as previously described. Again and again the amount of Dark Matter and Energy in our universe does not remotely equate to the amount of knowledge of our universe. Your ignoring the poats that rationally explained this.
Dark Energy and Dark Matter are not completely unknowns. Like many things in our physical existence we cannot see like the basic particles of matter our scientific knowledge is based on their effect, and not seeing them.
Dark Energy and Dark Matter | Center for Astrophysics.
All the atoms and light in the universe together make up less than five percent of the total contents of the cosmos. The rest is composed of dark matter and dark energy, which are invisible but dominate the structure and evolution of the universe. Dark matter makes up most of the mass of galaxies and galaxy clusters, and is responsible for the way galaxies are organized on grand scales. Dark energy, meanwhile, is the name we give the mysterious influence driving the accelerated expansion of the universe. What these substances are and how they work are some of the major challenges facing modern astronomers.
Our Work
Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian scientists study dark matter and dark energy in multiple ways:
- Observing galaxies to measure the effects of dark matter on their structure and evolution. The next-generation Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT) will provide new details in large galaxies, and detect dwarf galaxies too faint to see using current instruments. Since dark matter models predict many more dwarf galaxies than we observe, surveys of this type are very important.
Mapping Dark Matter
- Creating theoretical models of dark matter behavior from observational data. Since we don’t have direct measurements of dark matter behavior, researchers have to infer what the particles might be like from indirect evidence.
Does Some Dark Matter Carry an Electric Charge?
- Measuring cosmic acceleration by mapping the position of tens of thousands of galaxies. The Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) is an ongoing astronomical project that has provided some of the best observational data on dark energy.
A One-Percent Measure of Galaxies Half the Universe Away
Invisible Glue
Dark matter isn’t simply dark: it’s invisible. Light of all types seems to pass through as though it’s completely transparent. However, dark matter does have mass, which we see by its gravitational influence.
Studies of galaxies show stars and gas moving as though there’s a lot more mass than we can see pulling them along. Based on the motion of what we can observe, galactic dark matter resides in a “halo” surrounding the ordinary matter of the galaxy. Astronomers also study dwarf galaxies, which are less bright and therefore harder to observe, but which contain a higher fraction of dark matter than their larger cousins.
Galaxy clusters can contain hundreds or thousands of galaxies, each of which have their own dark matter halo. However, the cluster has its own dark matter, which outweighs everything else put together. This dark matter influences how individual galaxies and hot gas move inside the cluster. Astronomers can measure how much invisible mass is inside a cluster by the motion of the visible material, much as they do with galaxies. Researchers can also determine the amount of cluster dark matter by the way its gravity affects light. This effect is called gravitational
lensing, and it provides an independent measure of how much mass is in a cluster and where it resides.
One particular galaxy cluster, known as the Bullet Cluster, provides some of the best evidence we have for the existence of dark matter. This cluster is made up of two smaller clusters that collided sometime in the past. During this collision, the hot gas interacted to produce a shock wave, similar to that made by a bullet. However, gravitational lensing shows that most of the mass of the combined cluster is collected around the galaxies, not in the center where the gas is. That provides us with the first independent measurement of how much gas and dark matter are in a galaxy cluster, where in most clusters the plasma and dark matter occupy the same regions.
Using fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background (
CMB), astronomers determined that dark matter is about 27% of the contents of the universe, in terms of its overall contribution to the total mass and energy content of the cosmos.
More to follow . . .