It's the theories and observations that are generally called 'facts'.
No. Facts are data. Data coming from observation, measurements, etc.
Theories
explain facts.
Theories aren't facts. And never will be facts.
Theories are explanations of sets of facts.
A fact is an idea so well evidenced that dismissing it would be unreasonable.
No. Facts aren't "idea's".
Facts = data.
Data (facts) require an explanation. Why are the facts what they are? How did they come about?
You develop a hypothesis to answer those questions.
After rigorous testing and confirmation of that hypothesis, it might get promoted to "theory".
That's the final graduation stage of an
idea in science.
And while we are at it with the jargon explanation: laws aren't theories and never were.
Laws are
generalizations or
abstractions of sets of facts.
Laws, just like facts, require an explanation.
Hypothesis / theories attempt to give that explanation.
Main point in context of this sub conversation here anyhow:
facts = data