Right, and the cosmic water above heaven, and the firmament and the doors where water pours out to flood the earth and the fact that all scholars know its a reworking of Mesopotamian creation mythology
John Collins, Introduction to the Hebrew Bible 3rd ed.
“Biblical creation stories draw motifs from Mesopotamia, Much of the language and imagery of the Bible was culture specific and deeply embedded in the traditions of the Near East.
2nd ed. The Old Testament, Davies and Rogerson
“We know from the history of the composition of Gilamesh that ancient writers did adapt and re-use older stories……
It is safer to content ourselves with comparing the motifs and themes of Genesis with those of other ancient Near East texts.
In this way we acknowledge our belief that the biblical writers adapted existing stories, while we confess our ignorance about the form and content of the actual stories that the Biblical writers used.”
The Old Testament, A Historical and Literary Introduction to the Hebrew Scriptures, M. Coogan
“Genesis employs and alludes to mythical concepts and phrasing, but at the same time it also adapts transforms and rejected them”
God in Translation, Smith
“…the Bibles authors fashioned whatever they may have inherited of the Mesopotamian literary tradition on their own terms”
THE OT Text and Content, Matthews, Moyer
“….a great deal of material contained in the primeval epics in Genesis is borrowed and adapted from the ancient cultures of that region.”
The Formation of Genesis 1-11, Carr
“The previous discussion has made clear how this story in Genesis represents a complex juxtaposition of multiple traditions often found separately in the Mesopotamian literary world….”
The Priestly Vision of Genesis, Smith
“….storm God and cosmic enemies passed into Israelite tradition. The biblical God is not only generally similar to Baal as a storm god, but God inherited the names of Baal’s cosmic enemies, with names such as Leviathan, Sea, Death and Tanninim.”
and this is taught at Yale Divinity.
Dr Carol Meyers:
Seams and Sources: Genesis 5-11 and the Historical-Critical Method
10:45 snake in Eden is a standard literary device seen in fables of this era
(10:25 - snake not Satan, no Satan in Hebrew Bible)
14:05 acceptance of mortality theme in Eden and Gilamesh story
25:15 Gilgamesh flood story, Sumerian flood story comparisons
26:21 - there are significant contrasts as well between the Mesopotamian flood story and it’s Israelite ADAPTATION. Israelite story is purposely rejecting certain motifs and giving the opposite or an improved version (nicer deity…)
36:20 2 flood stories in Genesis, or contradictions and doublets.
Yahweh/Elohim, rain/cosmic waters flowing,
40:05 two creation stories, very different. Genesis 1 formalized, highly structured
Genesis 2 dramatic. Genesis 1 serious writing style, Genesis 2 uses Hebrew word puns.
Genesis 1/2 use different terms for gender
Genesis 1/2 use different names, description and style for God
Both stories have distinctive styles, vocabulary, themes, placed side by side. Flood stories are interwoven.
Genesis to 2nd Kings entire historical saga is repeated again in Chronicles.