1. Sahih Muslim
Muslim has narrated traditions from ibn Abbas(r.a.) through different routes of the narrators that,
وَحَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُونُسَ، وَعَوْنُ بْنُ سَلاَّمٍ، جَمِيعًا عَنْ زُهَيْرٍ، - قَالَ ابْنُ يُونُسَ حَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرٌ، - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ جَمِيعًا بِالْمَدِينَةِ فِي غَيْرِ خَوْفٍ وَلاَ سَفَرٍ .
قَالَ أَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ فَسَأَلْتُ سَعِيدًا لِمَ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ سَأَلْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ كَمَا سَأَلْتَنِي فَقَالَ أَرَادَ أَنْ لاَ يُحْرِجَ أَحَدًا مِنْ أُمَّتِهِ .
The Messenger of Allah (S) observed the noon and afternoon prayers together, and the Maqrib and Isha' prayers together
without being in a state of fear or in a state of journey.
Abu Zubair said: I asked Sa'id [one of the narrators] why he did that. He said: I asked Ibn 'Abbas as you have asked me, and he replied that he [the Holy Prophet] wanted that no one among his Ummah should be put to [unnecessary] hardship.
(Source,
Arabic,
English)
وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَأَبُو كُرَيْبٍ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ، وَأَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ - وَاللَّفْظُ لأَبِي كُرَيْبٍ - قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، كِلاَهُمَا عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ أَبِي ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ جَمَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فِي غَيْرِ خَوْفٍ وَلاَ مَطَرٍ .
فِي حَدِيثِ وَكِيعٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لاِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ لِمَ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ كَىْ لاَ يُحْرِجَ أُمَّتَهُ . وَفِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي مُعَاوِيَةَ قِيلَ لاِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ مَا أَرَادَ إِلَى ذَلِكَ قَالَ أَرَادَ أَنْ لاَ يُحْرِجَ أُمَّتَهُ .
Ibn 'Abbas reported that the Messenger of Allah (S) combined the noon prayer with the afternoon prayer, and the Maqrib prayer with the 'Isha' prayer in Medina
without being in a state of danger or rainfall.
And in the hadith transmitted by Waki' (the words are): " I said to Ibn 'Abbas: What prompted him to do that? He said: So that his (Prophet's) Ummah should not be put to (unnecessary) hardship." And in the hadith transmitted by Mu'awiya (the words are):" It was said to Ibn 'Abbas: What did he intend thereby? He said he wanted that his Ummah should not be put to unnecessary hardship."
(Source,
Arabic,
English.)
وحدثنا بن أبي عُمَرَ حدثنا وَكِيعٌ حدثنا عِمْرَانُ بن حُدَيْرٍ عن عبد اللَّهِ بن شَقِيقٍ الْعُقَيْلِيِّ قال قال رَجُلٌ لابن عَبَّاسٍ الصَّلَاةَ فَسَكَتَ ثُمَّ قال الصَّلَاةَ فَسَكَتَ ثُمَّ قال الصَّلَاةَ فَسَكَتَ. ثُمَّ قال لَا أُمَّ لك أَتُعَلِّمُنَا بِالصَّلَاةِ وَكُنَّا نَجْمَعُ بين الصَّلَاتَيْنِ على عَهْدِ رسول اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم.
'Abdullah b. Shaqiq al-'Uqaili reported:
A person said to Ibn 'Abbas (as he delayed the prayer): 'Prayer!'. He kept silence. He again said: 'Prayer!'. He again kept silence, and he again cried: 'Prayer!'. He again kept silence and then said: 'May you be deprived of your mother, do you teach us about prayer? We used to combine two prayers during the life of the Messenger of Allah (S).'
(Source,
Arabic,
English)
This narration clearly shows that Ibn Abbas had done his two Salats in a row without being in an emergency situation. So, when the man saw that he do not say the second Salat, became surprized and then mentioned him the second Salat. But Ibn Abbas said him that, based on the practic of Prophet Muhammad(peace be upon him and his pure progeny), he has said his prayer with the first one in a row.
There are other routes of the narrators for the tradition. But these 3 Hadiths are sufficient.
2. Sahih Al-Bukhari
حدثنا أبو النُّعْمَانِ قال حدثنا حَمَّادٌ هو بن زَيْدٍ عن عَمْرِو بن دِينَارٍ عن جَابِرِ بن زَيْدٍ عن بن عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم صلى بِالْمَدِينَةِ سَبْعًا وَثَمَانِيًا الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ وَالْمَغْرِبَ وَالْعِشَاءَـ
فَقَالَ أَيُّوبُ لَعَلَّهُ فِي لَيْلَةٍ مَطِيرَةٍ. قَالَ عَسَى.
"The Prophet (S) prayed eight Rak`ats for the Zuhr( 4 Rak'ats ) and `Asr( 4 Rak'ats ), and seven for the Maghrib( 3 Rak'ats ) and `Isha( 4 Rak'ats ) prayers in Medina."
[The continue of the narration is only a guess, as itself shows( Perhaps.... May be ), and indeed is not correct. Because the 2th narration in the part of Sahih Muslim narrations rejects it.(
فِي غَيْرِ خَوْفٍ وَلاَ مَطَرٍ: without being in a state of danger or
rainfall)]
Aiyub said, "Perhaps those were rainy nights." Anas said, "May be."
Arabic source
English source
3.Sunan an-Nisa'i
Arabic
English
Conclution
1.Prophet Muhammad(sawaws) used to do Salat Zohr with Asr, and Salat Maqrib with Asha' in a row without being in an emergency situation( i.e., journey, fearing, danger, rainfall, etc. ).
2.Those Sahih and authentic narrations confirm the Shia view which is based on the true Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad(peace be upon him and his pure Ahlul Bayt) which has been reached to us by our Imams of Ahlul Bayt(peace be upon them),i.e., the true Successors of the Messenger of Allah(sawaws).
Waffaqakumullahu Jami'an.
