I think you have to distinguish between what John Byl describes as "Operations Science" versus "Origins Science".
Operations science involves things that we observe in everyday life where we have repeatable, testable, falsifiable, and directly observable events. An example would be finding a way to generate superconductivity above a critical temperature. If someone claims to have found a way to generate such a situation, the test conditions could be duplicated by someone else and then tested for authenticity.
"Origins Science", on the other hand, involves situations that are one time events and, therefore, not repeatable or directly testable (e.g. evolution, big bang, supernatural creation, etc.). Origins science uses forensic evidence to try to justify a prevailing theory. However, the way the forensic evidence is interpreted is itself theory dependent, that is, it's dependent on your particular worldview or philosophical precommitments about the nature of reality, knowledge, and allowable methods of justifying truth claims. In short, I'm saying that "origins science" is as much philosophical as it is scientific. The difficulty is, most scientists make lousy philosophers and don't know how to clearly distinguish between the two. It's also why you get such radical differences of opinions between very smart people who only end up calling each other heretics.
Operations science involves things that we observe in everyday life where we have repeatable, testable, falsifiable, and directly observable events. An example would be finding a way to generate superconductivity above a critical temperature. If someone claims to have found a way to generate such a situation, the test conditions could be duplicated by someone else and then tested for authenticity.
"Origins Science", on the other hand, involves situations that are one time events and, therefore, not repeatable or directly testable (e.g. evolution, big bang, supernatural creation, etc.). Origins science uses forensic evidence to try to justify a prevailing theory. However, the way the forensic evidence is interpreted is itself theory dependent, that is, it's dependent on your particular worldview or philosophical precommitments about the nature of reality, knowledge, and allowable methods of justifying truth claims. In short, I'm saying that "origins science" is as much philosophical as it is scientific. The difficulty is, most scientists make lousy philosophers and don't know how to clearly distinguish between the two. It's also why you get such radical differences of opinions between very smart people who only end up calling each other heretics.