I am only speaking on the concept of sin from a Christian perspective. They could have played semantics with the word with earlier cultures, but they could have in turn had an alternative word for what we call “guilt” AKA “sin”. Going back to the source of what guilt means, I think that is grounded in our emotions same as what I may feel if I accidently knock over a child in a crowd and I feel the natural compulsion to say “sorry”.
That's an interesting example.
I approach the word "sin" from an etymological perspective. I realize that it's loaded down with two thousand years of Christian tradition; but the word translated "sin" in the Greek New Testament is "hamartia," which references the image of an arrow missing its target -- something mentioned by UltraViolet in the first few responses in this thread, actually. There isn't any guilt or condemnation in that image; it just is.
One may ask, "Well, Christian tradition is what it is; so why quibble?" The reason is because the amalgamization of self-defeating behavior with guilt and judgment clouds the really important issue, for both Christians and many non-Christians, imho.
I am not one to be teaching Christians their own religion; but, while Heaven and Hell
are the ultimate carrot and stick, I don't believe that most Christians believe that they are the best motivations for turning to God. One of the Eastern fathers wrote that
...one who performs saving works simply from the fear of Hell follows the way of bondage, and he who does the same just in order to be rewarded with the Kingdom of Heaven follows the path of a bargainer with God. The one [is] a slave, the other a hireling. But God wants us to come to Him as sons to their Father, He wants us to behave ourselves honorably from love for Him...
Guilt is self-centered, while love for God is God-centered. And, anyway, some Christians have characterized the torments of Hell as consisting simply of separation from God, the source and substance of all that is meaningful in existence. Within this framework, self-defeating behavior is still self-defeating behavior; but guilt is simply a distraction from what is really important, which is the friendship and communion of God. This point is one of the jewels in the writings of Brother Lawrence (
The Practice of the Presence of God), in which he says that, while he used to worry about his salvation, he finally concluded that it was pointless to concern himself with it and that whatever happened to him he would continue to simply love God. That is spiritual maturity, imho.
Something I finally realized about Christianity is that the dynamics of spiritual maturation are pretty much the same for them as they are for many contemporary Pagans, the principal difference being that Christians believe that there are people who are out of contact with the divine, i.e. not engaged in the process, while the Pagans believe everyone is so engaged. The Pagans believe everyone exists in a state of grace while the Christians believe only they do. Other than that, it's basically the same.
All this to say, even if you believe in eternal damnation, it's pretty much beside the point.
Did I say that? :yes:
Back to your example. Saying, "I'm sorry,"
can simply communicate to the injured child that their injury wasn't intentional; but if, instead, it is meant to convey feelings of guilt, then it is centered on the actor rather than on the child. What's the point of that? The best face i can put on that is that, somehow, saying, "I feel bad," is supposed to make the injured party feel better; and that is treating human relations as a zero-sum game, where one person must lose in order for another to win. It would be better to rise above the "guilt-innocence" paradigm and simply focus on the child's welfare rather than on how one feels about oneself.