Hey there
@mmarco! I've been a pretty serious christian for the first 30 years of my life, and I can understand why people feel drawn to that path. Love is a wonderful concenpt to incorporate into one's life.
There are a few things I might offer for consideration, though...
This concept is fully convincing for me, it proves itself by itself and makes superfluous any other arguments.
The "proves itself by itself" part of your argument seems off to me. It seems like circular logic, and circular reasoning isn't very rational or logical. It's not a good way to arrive at the truth; only concrete, testable evidence can give you a closer glimpse at the nature of rality.
One might consider that before being "fully convinced" and making "superfluous any other arguments." If you close yourself off and shut down completely to other possibilities, you'll only ever allow yourself to consider a fraction of what's out there.
The existence and the goodness of God is the most fundamental truth and I do not think we can deduce such truth from some other truth, because this would mean that we believe more in the other truth than in God
How will you know if you can deduce truth from other truths if you already have the answers you want, as per above? If god IS objective truth, then it would seem like seeking objective truth would bring you closer to him; even if that means that your initial ideas on who god were might be incorrect, no?
All what science shows about the physical reality is that it manifests itself as a realization of some specific abstract mathematical models (what we call “the laws of physics”); in fact, the subatomic components of matters (quantum particles and fields) are actually only abtract mathematical concepts. On the other hand, mathematical models are only constructions of the rational thought and a mathematical model can exist only as a thought in a thinking mind conceiving it; this implies that matter (and the physical reality) is not the foundation of reality, but its existence depends on a more fundamental reality i.e. consciousness: contrary to the basic hypothesis of materialism, consciousness is a more fundamental reality than matter.
Just because objective reality is subject to physics doesn't mean that it manifests subjectively. True, our subjective interpretation of objective reality (and physics) is most pertinent to our daily lives, but the whole point of our subjective reality is that we can interract with objective reality. Without objective truth, subjective reality wouldn't even have a point.
Ultimately, subjective reality is flawed. We can only understand a tiny fraction of everything that's happening. That's the problem with conciousness; true, it's the most relevant understanding we get of reality, but that's only because it's also the only one we can ever truly know or understand. Because our understanding is so one sided, it can be easy to fool ourselves into thinking we know more about the nature of reality than we actually do.
As for mathematical constructs...
Therefore the existence of this mathematically structured universe implies the existence of a conscious and intelligent God, conceiving it as a mathematical model. In other words, the universe can be only the manifestation of a mathematical theory existing in the mind of a personal God.
I think that atheism does not account for such fundamental scientific information about the physical reality and denies, without any rational arguments, the only rational explanation.
I would like to firstly get out of the way that atheism doesn't account for anything. It's simply not being convinced that a god exists. From my own perspective, I could be wrong, but the gods that I have studied and come to know seem man made. Until I see something that convinces me otherwise, though, I will refrain from belief in any god.
Now, back on topic, I think you are underestimating the ability for mankind to find patterns in things. We are wired for it.
When we look at clouds, we find ships and dogs. When we listen to music, we appreciate the rhythms and tones. When we go hunting, we are able to track the deer through it's tracks and directional blood spatter; which ultimately is where this pattern recognition comes from. As persistence hunters, our ancestors needed to be able to discern patterns in order to survive.
Pattern recognition is what has helped us to grow and learn as a species. If there are categories to anything, it's only because we gave it a category. If the universe is mathematically structured, it's because we gave it that structure.
Math isn't a one size fits all thing, either. In math classes I used to drive my teacher batty because the way I do math is backwards from most. We find the one that works best, and we use that; just like with everything else. We've made systems for everything.
There is another argument from physics that I find strongly convincing; according to our scientific knowledges, all chemical and biological processes (including cerebral processes) are caused by the electromagnetic interaction between subatomic particles such as electrons and protons. Quantum mechanics accounts for such interactions, as well as for the properties of subatomic particles.
I'll take your word for it... Physics is a point of weakness for me.
Consciousness is irriducible to the laws of physics, while all cerebral processes are. This is for me the most convincing rational argument against materialism (which identifies cerebral processes as the origin of consciousness) and in favour of the existence of the soul, as the unphysical and trascendent principle necessary for the existence of our consciousness. Since our soul cannot have a physical origin, it can only be created directly by God. The existence of God is a necessary condition for the existence of our soul, as well as for the existence of us as conscious beings.
See, the problem here is that we aren't talking physics, though; at least, not exclusively. We are talking biology.
None of those biochemical reactions would mean anything if they happened outside of a human brain. Not only that, but changes in the brain can change how consciousness even works.
I knew a man who was the most gentlest, most selfless individual. He would give you the shirt off his back without hesitation. He was someone I would point to if I ever wanted to show someone an example of a good christian.
One day he suffered a stroke...after that, it changed him. He became a whole different person.
What once was a kind, gentle soul had become an angry, abusive man. His whole personality changed. He wasn't him anymore. He didn't live long after that event, so thankfully his wife didn't go through too much of that, but damn...
Ultimately, though, it was because of the trauma that his brain had endured; it rewired his brain. He had to relearn how to do simple tasks, like speak and write. After that event, though, the old man had died and someone else was born that day.
What of his soul, or the soul of the new man that was born of that traumatic event? Where does the soul part fit in? Biology seems to have it covered without introducing souls into the mix.