I always try to be fair with the things I link to. Not to say I always succeed, but there ya go. Appreciate you taking the time to read it.
Meh, teachers run the full gamut, from great to complete rubbish. I say this having been on both sides of the fence. Some of the crap teachers tried to fill my head with. I suspect some don't understand what they are teaching. Still, some of the blame should go on learners too. I remember a Year 10 teacher (a good one) making some sort of definitive statement about German responsibility for the commencement of World War 1. Most of the class were not interested in World War 1, you may not be surprised to know. I ended up having a friendly but pretty passionate debate about the topic with her right there and then, and ended up being awarded some sort of prize at the end of the year because of it (largely).
We fail ourselves/our kids when we see teachers as people of authority who can't be questioned. But obviously there are ways of questioning.
I commonly find Dawkins good scientifically, and poor philosophically. When he blends the two, the results are...meh. For me, anyway.
And here we differ. Greatly.
1) Scientists didn't always overwhelmingly support evolution. Over time, increasing numbers of scientists moved to this position. It was at first ridiculed. Here is one of countless examples of publications poking fun at him for his 'monkey-theory', in this case suggesting that man evolved from worms. Or more specifically, that Charles himself did.
2) The person who can disprove evolutionary theory, or substantially change it, or substantially improve it would become both world renowned and (most likely in this day and age) wealthy. But it's a long standing set of theories that has had a lot of effort put into disproving it, so it will take substantial evidence that something in the theories is incorrect at this point.
You think the only options are 'proof' (which exists in maths, and is used only colloquially in science) and tentative suggestion? That seems a strangely binary world. Black and white when everything appears to be grey.
I didn't mean to conflate evolution and gravity. I meant only to show that even something which is (as you say) easily testable is actually not 'proven' or 'fact'. But it holds more important correlation as well.
Did you know Newton's law of universal gravitation was used to find the planet Neptune? Uranus had been discovered, but it moved in a way which Newton's law suggested was incorrect when considering the other planets. Urbain le Verrier used the law to determine that the motions were consistent with another planet existing, and then Johan Gottfried Galle used le Verrier's calculations to actually find the planet.
So in this, there is some correlation. Science was used to determine Neptune's existence. No-one has seen Neptune. A scientific hypothesis was put forth. Unlike evolution, of course, Neptune did not rely on time, but was 'merely' a physical body.
Consider further. Newton's law is pretty famous. There are stories about an apple hitting him on the head, etc. Gravity existed before he 'discovered' it, but what he did was hypothesise about it's properties. Funnily enough, he was wrong. His law isn't a fact. It hasn't been proven, even by the discovery of a planet!
A discrepancy in Mercury's orbit couldn't be accounted for. At first, scientists figured they knew what was happening. After all, they'd seen it before. But after searching, they couldn't find another planet, impacting on Mercury's orbit.
In the end, Einstein came up with the general theory of relativity, which was simply better, and could account for Mercury.
Interestingly, many scientists still work with Newton's law, since it's simpler to work with, and is generally accurate enough.
So it's a good example of what is meant by 'not proven, and not a fact'. Newton's law is less accurate than Einstein's theory. But Newton's law was accurate enough to discover a planet through hypothesis and calculation. There is, I would suppose, a fair chance that Einstein's theory could be disproven at some point. Yet it will hold utility regardless of that. These are not 'tentative suggestions'.
We don't 'have to' do anything, as you yourself are proof of.
But for many of us, we find reliance on science in terms of explaining the world around us (flawed as science is) and reliance on ourselves in terms of determining morality (flawed as we are) as a better and more honest way of living than relying on religious dogma. Some think religious dogma is the only path to avoiding flaw. I look for evidence of THAT and end up being told I should rely on elders (who are already convinced their religion is true) to interpret the evidence that is before them. Nothing is obvious, in fact many of us find the suggestion that most of it is 'directed' or 'designed' to be completely ridiculous.