Curious George
Veteran Member
Ok, now that you understand how x=0;1 go back and read my posts. I think you may understand my point now.Yeah, in two separate equations.
In the same equation, X can't be both numbers. 1^2=0 makes no sense
Welcome to Religious Forums, a friendly forum to discuss all religions in a friendly surrounding.
Your voice is missing! You will need to register to get access to the following site features:We hope to see you as a part of our community soon!
Ok, now that you understand how x=0;1 go back and read my posts. I think you may understand my point now.Yeah, in two separate equations.
In the same equation, X can't be both numbers. 1^2=0 makes no sense
I kind of like what Sri Aurobindo says to this.Philosophical discussions on the topic of religion often revolve around a central question, does a God exist, or not?
It's perhaps interesting to observe that those on both sides of this question seem to accept the dualistic, yes/no, on/off, exist/not exist nature of this question without complaint.
If the question "does God exist?" is itself flawed, then it seems all discussion arising from that question would also be inherently flawed, rendering all arguments pro and con, for and against, to be perhaps essentially meaningless.
And so we might take a few steps back from the routine of debating the "exist or not?" question, and explore whether a God could both exist, and not exist, at the same time.
If this is possible that may mean that theists and atheists are both right, and wrong as well. Such an outcome would totally spoil the debate game of course, but those concerned primarily with advancing understanding have no reason to fear that.
And so we proceed to the question of evidence. Is there compelling evidence of anything that could both exist and not exist, at the same time?
I ask all this because it has recently occurred to me that the overwhelming vast majority of reality from the subatomic to cosmic level both exists, and doesn't exist, at the same time.
I am referring of course to space.
There certainly is space between the Earth and Moon, that space is there, or the Earth and Moon would be one thing. But that space is defined as an empty void, a nothing. It exists, and yet doesn't exist, at the same time.
If one feels that one's point of view should be grounded in observation of observable reality, we can observe the seemingly impossible to be a dominant characteristic of reality.
Weird, huh?
Hi again Shad,
This is a matter of faith, as it can not be proven. And I feel we have reached a point where I should accept and respect your faith as I try to do with the religiously faithful. A wise sentiment I will now probably completely ignore, not being wise myself.
It's hardly a double standard to request that all parties to the debate prove the qualifications of their chosen authority. Before we require the theist to provide logical proof and evidence, we first have to prove that logical proof and evidence are binding upon the realm addressed by god claims, all of reality. Once it becomes clear this can not be done, the theist vs. atheist debate comes tumbling to the ground. The theists don't win, the atheists don't win, and everybody is likely thus disappointed.
Oh I don't need to think about that one, as it is most clearly true. And as a Fundamentalist Agnostic, I believe I have found the answer. Nobody knows.
I understand. My point is not that logic is flawed, it is clearly very useful. My point is that logic, like everything else, is limited. It's not infinite in scope. It's not a god.
I agree my contributions in that direction have been limited, by design. It's not warranted to try to offer new methods when readers are convinced beyond all doubt that the methods they already have are entirely adequate. Should they come to a different conclusion on that, should they really actually be looking for new methods on their own, that might be an appropriate moment to try to offer one.
Faith is to believe in something without evidence.
It is a double standard since logic has been used continuously in philosophy and science, both of which have contributed to our knowledge of reality.
ou are suggesting that an idea, God, can not be addressed by logic then proceed to discuss God.
This is completely incoherent as you have completely removed the primary basis from which we can discuss an idea.
How do you hold this position without using the logic you have just dismissed?
Again your premise that logic is not universal is binding on your agnostic view.
I hope you realize that the lack of a proposed method is a huge issue.
Belief that the rules of human reason are binding on all of reality without proof is faith. Reasonable, and certainly understandable, but faith nonetheless.
This can be explained to a high school kid, like this. We don't even know what the phrase "all of reality" refers to. Simple, simple, simple.
What obscures this simple understanding for many is that they've created a self flattering personal identity out of atheism, with themselves playing the role of the laser sharp reasoners, superior to those silly faith based believers. Once such a personal identity process is underway, in theists or atheists, the person may typically becomes essentially immune to the kinds of very simple reasoning I just shared above.
I can't do anything about this, but keep trying anyway, willfully ignoring the evidence provided by a lifetime of experience. Point being, nobody is immune to such illogical emotion fueled obstructions, agnostics included.
Which tells us exactly nothing about whether the rules of human reason are binding on all of reality.
I'm not discussing God. Are you addressing me here??
It's not the slightest bit incoherent to explore the limits of reason using reason. Can we fall in love using reason? No. And we can see this using reason. I've explained this about 100 times already.
The problem with my thesis is that you personally don't want to go there, you don't wish to challenge reason's limits, as perhaps it's become a type of god to you. Ok, no problem, you have every right to this. But it means you're unlikely to ever benefit from or enjoy my posts. It might be time to bring the ignore function in to play in regards to my account?
This is a very common question, which I've already answered multiple times, including just above, and should you ever emerge from rejectionism, you'll see it for yourself with no help from me required.
Except that's not what I said. Do you see how your need to reject is causing you to not even read what you're rejecting? I said, repeatedly, over and over, only that it has not been proven that the rules of human reason are binding everywhere.
EXCEPT SAME PROCEDURE as the true claim that the infinite power of holy books has not been proven. All I am doing is applying entirely valid atheist principles to atheism itself, a process which rarely seems to occur to those who express the most ardent loyalty to atheism. You aren't arguing with me, but with your own stated principles.
Where is the evidence that the ancient search for The Answer to this question is going anywhere? Ardent theists AND atheists simply refuse to address this, and thus there's no point in continuing past that.
Apologies Shad, sincerely no personal offense intended, but I'm ready to get off the merry-go-round. Good luck to you!
However the point was that your own idea that logic is flawed renders your agnostic view questionable as a logical conclusion of your views on logic.
I suspect you'll never get this, not for a lack of intelligence or education, but simply because it's clear you don't wish to get it, which is your right.
I never said logic is flawed. I've explained this repeatedly. It's indisputable that logic is useful for very many things, a point I've made all over the forum.
I'm withdrawing from the conversation because you seem unwilling to read or challenge what I've actually said, preferring instead easier targets of your own invention. I'm not mad about that, really I'm not, just weary of explaining this to committed ideologues for years to no effect, my own form of irrationality. But because I'm a hopeless typoholic, here's one more try.
We see that holy books have brought comfort and meaning to billions of people over thousands of years, this is beyond doubt. However...
We also see that no one has been willing to prove that statements made in holy books are binding upon all of reality. And so we decline to believe in those statements. This is the simplest thing in the world, a solid atheist principle, which we both agree with.
Now we will apply THAT VERY SAME VALID PRINCIPLE in a fair even handed objective manner to another chosen authority on this topic, human reason.
We see that human reason, like holy books, has been proven to be useful in the daily lives of human beings, this too is beyond doubt.
And we also see that no one has been able to prove that the rules of human reason (a process invented by a single half insane species racing towards self extinction on one little planet, in one of billions of galaxies) are binding on all of reality.
And thus, when someone tries to use those rules to make claims or counter claims about the most fundamental nature of all reality we do EXACTLY THE SAME THING we did with holy books, we decline to believe those claims and counter claims.
This does not invalidate human reason in all those many areas where it has proven to be useful. It only invalidates human reason in areas where it has not been proven to be binding. As example....
There is nothing at all self contradictory about me using my human reason to conclude that I am not smart enough to get in to Harvard Med School. I'm smart enough to know I'm not that smart, but not smart enough to attend that school.
In the very same way, we can accurately reason that we don't even know what "all of reality" refers to, and thus it's not credible that we know what does or doesn't form the foundation of all reality.
Point being, if we apply valid atheist principles in an even handed objective manner to all claims and counter claims on the subject of god, the entire theist vs. atheist debate comes crashing to the ground with a loud thud.
There are at least three possible things that may happen next.
1) A great many people will reject such reasoning out of hand if it disturbs an ideology which they've become emotionally attached to. This is their right of course.
2) Other people will accept the reasoning, and decide to shift their focus away from God talk to other topics where knowledge and conclusions can be developed. This is an entirely reasonable decision for very many people.
3) A third group will wish to continue the ancient inquiry. They will see that the incredibly pervasive persistence of religion is clear evidence of some fundamental human need. They will seek to understand and meet this need by some method other than the pursuit of fantasy claims and counter claims.
They will reject the assumption shared by both theists and atheists, that the point of the inquiry should be to find The Answer, come to a knowing. And they will do so for a very simple obvious reason which is fully in compliance with atheist principles.
After thousands of years of earnest effort by some of the best minds humanity has to offer, there is STILL no evidence the search for a knowing on this topic is going anywhere at all.
Einstein said that doing the same thing over and over again expecting different results is the definition of insanity. Continuing a theist vs. atheist debate that's been going on for centuries to no result is, if not insane, highly irrational.
Until a reader has that simple insight, it's likely pointless to disturb them further. If they wish to see this, they will. If they don't, they won't. There's likely nothing anybody can do to affect that decision.
Which is why I should probably shut up.
I suspect you'll never get this, not for a lack of intelligence or education, but simply because it's clear you don't wish to get it, which is your right.
I never said logic is flawed. I've explained this repeatedly. It's indisputable that logic is useful for very many things, a point I've made all over the forum.
I'm withdrawing from the conversation because you seem unwilling to read or challenge what I've actually said, preferring instead easier targets of your own invention. I'm not mad about that, really I'm not, just weary of explaining this to committed ideologues for years to no effect, my own form of irrationality. But because I'm a hopeless typoholic, here's one more try.
We see that holy books have brought comfort and meaning to billions of people over thousands of years, this is beyond doubt. However...
We also see that no one has been willing to prove that statements made in holy books are binding upon all of reality. And so we decline to believe in those statements. This is the simplest thing in the world, a solid atheist principle, which we both agree with.
Now we will apply THAT VERY SAME VALID PRINCIPLE in a fair even handed objective manner to another chosen authority on this topic, human reason.
We see that human reason, like holy books, has been proven to be useful in the daily lives of human beings, this too is beyond doubt.
And we also see that no one has been able to prove that the rules of human reason (a process invented by a single half insane species racing towards self extinction on one little planet, in one of billions of galaxies) are binding on all of reality.
And thus, when someone tries to use those rules to make claims or counter claims about the most fundamental nature of all reality we do EXACTLY THE SAME THING we did with holy books, we decline to believe those claims and counter claims.
This does not invalidate human reason in all those many areas where it has proven to be useful. It only invalidates human reason in areas where it has not been proven to be binding. As example....
There is nothing at all self contradictory about me using my human reason to conclude that I am not smart enough to get in to Harvard Med School. I'm smart enough to know I'm not that smart, but not smart enough to attend that school.
In the very same way, we can accurately reason that we don't even know what "all of reality" refers to, and thus it's not credible that we know what does or doesn't form the foundation of all reality.
Point being, if we apply valid atheist principles in an even handed objective manner to all claims and counter claims on the subject of god, the entire theist vs. atheist debate comes crashing to the ground with a loud thud.
There are at least three possible things that may happen next.
1) A great many people will reject such reasoning out of hand if it disturbs an ideology which they've become emotionally attached to. This is their right of course.
2) Other people will accept the reasoning, and decide to shift their focus away from God talk to other topics where knowledge and conclusions can be developed. This is an entirely reasonable decision for very many people.
3) A third group will wish to continue the ancient inquiry. They will see that the incredibly pervasive persistence of religion is clear evidence of some fundamental human need. They will seek to understand and meet this need by some method other than the pursuit of fantasy claims and counter claims.
They will reject the assumption shared by both theists and atheists, that the point of the inquiry should be to find The Answer, come to a knowing. And they will do so for a very simple obvious reason which is fully in compliance with atheist principles.
After thousands of years of earnest effort by some of the best minds humanity has to offer, there is STILL no evidence the search for a knowing on this topic is going anywhere at all.
Einstein said that doing the same thing over and over again expecting different results is the definition of insanity. Continuing a theist vs. atheist debate that's been going on for centuries to no result is, if not insane, highly irrational.
Until a reader has that simple insight, it's likely pointless to disturb them further. If they wish to see this, they will. If they don't, they won't. There's likely nothing anybody can do to affect that decision.
Which is why I should probably shut up.
Just to draw attention to what you said, this above /\ /\ /\ /\ /\ /\Paul Tillich's thoughts on the subject are relevant here, I believe. He argued that traditional theistic theology, which conceives of God as a being, is hopelessly flawed and a cause of much alienation for modern people. A being—even one much greater and more powerful than us—cannot be the source of being. If, on the other hand, God is understood to represent being itself, then God precedes all dualities, including existence and nonexistence (which isn't the same as non-being, as it is still predicated on being).
Of course, that would mean that traditional conceptions of God would have to be understood as at best metaphorical, not ultimately true. Tillich's view of God is personal in the sense that we are personal manifestations of God's being, but not in the sense that God is a person separate from us, whom we can know or interact with in a conventional subject-object relationship.
I must say I agree with Tillich on pretty much all counts. I've long believed that questions of God's existence or nonexistence were an utter waste of time.
So it appears that you are saying that logic is binding upon God, if such exists. In the context of the monotheistic model of the universe this discussion is set upon, the Monotheistic God exists OUTSIDE of the universe, is transcendent to the realm in which logic was created to be useful. It is an assumption, not a proven fact, that our binary system of logic applies everywhere in the universe (which may well be infinite, and we have only started to study a very small part of it), as well as "outside" the universe, where the transcendent God supposedly is.I argued logic is universal. ...Logic is a method to create conclusions, not the conclusion itself.
So it appears that you are saying that logic is binding upon God, if such exists. In the context of the monotheistic model of the universe this discussion is set upon, the Monotheistic God exists OUTSIDE of the universe, is transcendent to the realm in which logic was created to be useful. It is an assumption, not a proven fact, that our binary system of logic applies everywhere in the universe (which may well be infinite, and we have only started to study a very small part of it), as well as "outside" the universe, where the transcendent God supposedly is.
Logic is a system for simplifying our observations of the universe in which we live, so that we can make some useful discoveries about that universe; it is not an inherent aspect of that universe. Our classical binary (true/false) logic makes 3 formal assumptions about the world: I've seen them referred to as the "laws" or "principles" of logic: law of identity, law of non-contradiction, and law of the excluded middle. It doesn't take much thought to come up with examples from the real world where an object has more than one nature, where over time objects change to become contradictory, or where an object shares traits of being A and Not-A at the same time.
There are more than one form of logic. Classical binary logic is probably the simplest and best developed form today, but there are also what are called many-valued logics. The assumptions in these many-valued logics are that these three "laws" of classical logic may be relaxed or eliminated, because they are recognized as being the extreme case, which may only be appropriate in certain circumstances. The many-valued logics vary depending on which and how much of the classical laws are relaxed or eliminated; all rely on mathematics for their structure and application. By the way, mathematics is only in the broadest sense "one" thing; just as there are many logics, there are many mathematics, which make different assumptions about numbers and sets and functions, etc. These other logics have more than two truth values, and some seem to even abandon the concept of "truth" altogether; one, for example, finds statements justified, invalid, or unknown, based on whether evidence exists to support the statement. One version allows statements to be neither true nor false, or BOTH true and false at the same time. In my hunting around on this topic, I didn't see any cases of a logician of this type addressing the question of the existence of God. Doesn't mean they haven't, just that I didn't find any; but I also didn't spend all that much time looking...
I'm neither a mathematician nor a logician, but I am smart enough to understand that both logic and math are human-created tools that help us understand the universe we live in, and like any other tools, have limited usefulness. Applying human-created binary logic--or maybe even human-created many-valued logic--to the question of the existence of a transcendent omni-max God strongly appears to be one of those situations where the tool of logic (perhaps of any kind) is inadequate. You don't throw out your tools when they aren't appropriate to the task, you set them aside and try to figure out what tool or tools might help you. Abandoning binary for many-valued logic might help, but it might not. We haven't really tried it yet, as far as I can tell. And what other tools might be out there? I don't know, but I suspect if we were to stop insisting on binary logic, we might start to make some progress.
Can God make a stone so heavy he can not lift it? If logic is not binding then the omni concept has no basis. The monotheistic concept of God is based on philosophical concepts and logic. Transcendent is the realm of the first mover not immunity to logic. Beside if God is bound to logic then anyone can assert whatever they wish with no reason as support. That is fine for a personal view. However you are not going to convince those that even show the slightest bit of skepticism beyond special pleading.
Your example is not a contradiction since you added another premise. Change over time becomes a part of the argument thus does not violate the law of noncontradiction due to this very shift in context. You have provided no more than A is B if C(time)
Which is used in my examples above as context which is just the applied "value" of MVL. MVL is also used in negation.
An omni-max God requires binary logic, it is one of the oldest binary concepts we have. So before we discuss the tools we use to answer these question maybe we should address the question itself... If neither forms can be applied what is your basis for even entertaining the idea of God. I am all ears, I have been for several weeks now. I have yet to see anyone propose any argument for God. All I have seen is people put forward their ideas on logic then fail to put forward any argument for, against or the null view. I have yet to see one put forward even a concept of God without being invoking the very logic they are questioning
Who you rooting for?NHL playoffs are distracting me at this time. I will get to your post when I can. Just skimming a lot of your points have already been addressed by me especially the omni-God concept which is based on human reasoning and logic, just not sound logic. Keep in mind the omni-concept is proposed by theists not by myself. I use it as an example not as a view I support, it is just another point of an argument for me. It is the theist asserting what is known about God, what God must be in order to be God. Each omni-concept can be reduced to binary logic and in fact used often that many do not realize this point. An issue is many premises have hidden premises within an argument. Once one digs into these premises the argument becomes far more complex than the simple argument has been presented as. Those that can spot these take issues with the hidden premises, those that do not usually have no formal education in logic nor philosophy.
I argued logic is universal.
It doesn't matter who proposed the idea, whether they proposed it as binary logic, or if it can be reduced to binary logic. The point is that to this point, both theists and atheists arguing using classical binary logic has not resulted in any progress--as our participation in this thread has again demonstrated. Just because that's how the question has been framed for hundreds of years doesn't mean it's the right frame, or that we shouldn't try something different, since it's obviously not working.NHL playoffs are distracting me at this time. I will get to your post when I can. Just skimming a lot of your points have already been addressed by me especially the omni-God concept which is based on human reasoning and logic, just not sound logic. Keep in mind the omni-concept is proposed by theists not by myself. I use it as an example not as a view I support, it is just another point of an argument for me. It is the theist asserting what is known about God, what God must be in order to be God. Each omni-concept can be reduced to binary logic and in fact used often that many do not realize this point. An issue is many premises have hidden premises within an argument. Once one digs into these premises the argument becomes far more complex than the simple argument has been presented as. Those that can spot these take issues with the hidden premises, those that do not usually have no formal education in logic nor philosophy.
Who you rooting for?
As an atheist might say, prove it please.
I say, we don't even know what the word "universal" refers to.
I apologize in advance for the length of this response; however, it is the only way I know of to explain these ideas.
Not sure where you get the idea that our system of binary logic must be binding on God. Perhaps logic must be binding on human reasoning about the concepts we associate with the concept of God, but if something really were omni-everything, you feel confident asserting that it must actually conform to human reason? I just don’t see that.
All humans have shown so far is that in the investigation of material phenomena on the surface of this planet (and we assume, elsewhere in the visible portion of the universe because we can observe that much of the universe—beyond that we cannot detect so we cannot test, and therefore cannot KNOW), binary logic is a pretty good tool. But that is all it’s been shown to be a reliable tool for. Just because it is good for that, does not mean it’s good for understanding anything else that might be out there.
You are absolutely right, if God is not bound to our human logic, then anyone could assert anything about it. But what evidence do you have that God IS and MUST BE bound to classical logic? We assert properties for this deity, and then we reason about those assertions, but you cannot seriously assert that anyone really knows anything about a transcendent God. Some of our assertions may be correct, but some may also be incorrect, or only partially correct. But we don’t know, and probably can’t know—and until we can identify some evidence of some sort, it’s really pretty silly to spend lots of time arguing about what might be.
Again, logic helps us build a map of the territory, and it’s helped us build what so far appears to be a pretty good map of how the material world functions here and now, and within the last few billion years. But our map is not the territory, and our map is built on several assumptions which have to be accepted as true for the logic to work, but cannot be demonstrated within the system of logic itself. And, the territory of the material world where our logic seems to work is not the purported transcendental realm where the Monotheistic God is supposed to be. This is why classical logic is not the right tool for assessing assertions about a transcendental deity.
So, the argument is that non-contradiction only applies at one point in space and time in relation to any given assertion/phenomenon, and that is still supposed to say something meaningful about the state of the REAL world, rather than about our map of the world?
Still not seeing that an omni-max God requires binary logic. You may be trying to assert that our understanding (our map of the territory) of such a deity would require binary logic, but I don’t see that either. There are ways to address such a deity using logic, just not classical binary logic—but the stumbling point remains our inability to actually meaningfully detect and measure the presence and properties of such a transcendental God.
Mind you, I am not a defender of this idea of the Monotheistic God—I find it beyond my comprehension, and I cannot see how any humans, or humanity as a whole, would ever be able to comprehend or in any meaningful way define such a deity. But, I came across a Christian website (Attributes of God) that identifies 18 characteristics of God, all taken from the Bible—all the traditional omni-max assertions. Because I am somewhat familiar with fuzzy set theory I will attempt to show how that form of logic might be used to investigate the concept—our map—of a Monotheistic deity.
In classical binary logic, we have two sets when we talk about the omni-max God: one set contains that God, and nothing else. The other set contains everything else—so anything that shares even in large part any of the characteristics that are maximum in God, get thrown into the second set. An entity that is 99 percent omni-eveything—that is, knows 99 percent of everything there is to know—what God knows--and 99 percent of the all-powerful strength, is 99 percent Just, and so on) is not God, even though it is absolutely nothing like a human being or a rock.
Fuzzy logic rejects the law of the excluded middle. In fuzzy sets, any given object can have membership in a set (remembering that sets are mental constructions, maps, and are not reality), with a partial membership value (that is, a truth value) anywhere between 0 and 1 (so long as it’s a real number)…which we can convert into percentages for convenience—0 is 0 percent, and 1 is 100 percent. Thus, we have a set that could contain entities that have somewhere between 0 and 100 percent of each of the 18 attributes of the Monotheistic God, which is the special extreme case of being 100 percent on all 18 of the attributes.
So, those attributes: wise, infinite, sovereign, holy, trinity, omniscient, faithful, loving, omnipotent, self-existent, self-sufficient, just, immutable, merciful, eternal, good, gracious, omnipresent.
In a set of entities that to some degree have these traits, humans and rocks would (I would expect and estimate) be very close to zero on each, with humans being just a little higher than the rock on some of them—but in fuzzy logic, even if an entity were at absolutely 0 percent on each of the 18 characteristics, it would still be a member of the set—it would be the special extreme case of being 0 percent on all 18.
From here, it would be possible to start discussing whether it would be possible for there to be entities that score higher than humans. We could start to ask, what would that look like for something to display 10 percent of maximum wisdom? What would it look like for something to be 50 percent just, in a universal sense? What would be the difference between an entity that is 99 percent on all of these traits, and 100 percent? Would humans even be able to discern such a difference, from our position? The special case of the omni-max Monotheistic deity can then be approached in a more piecemeal fashion, so we might find the right tools to measure each of the parts, if possible—something I don’t think binary logic is well prepared to do, and maybe not other human logic.
Of course, the problem remains, can we, or could we even, hope to find evidence of entities toward the higher end of the spectrum, as it were? It might be we could. Not saying it is, but it might be. Then again, it’s humans using human reason and human perceptions and human conceptions to try to understand something that by definition should be beyond our comprehension.