Exonerate Shoghi Effendi – and relieve yourselves of a burden. Reason tells us that theocracies never work, and a state in which people of only one faith are allowed to vote for a government organ whose decisions affect all, can never be equitable in principle, however kind one might hope it would be in practice. The World Order of Baha’u’llah cannot be based on a fundamental inequity.
And if we are clear that the separation of Church and State is a principle that is consistently taught by Baha’u’llah, Abdu’l-Baha and Shoghi Effendi, and applies to the Bahai institutions as much as to non-Bahai ones, we will have much less difficulty in presenting the Bahai World Order model.
It has a basic two-part architecture, the religious and the political spheres, separate and cooperating. In the political sphere there are three arms: the judicial, executive, and legislative. They exist at local and national levels and according to the Guardian will eventually exist at a global level, as part of the commonwealth of nations. This is a civil government: in the Guardian’s descriptions of it there is no mention at all of the Houses of Justice or Assemblies. (see, for example,
World Order of Baha’u’llah 203 )
We also have an Administrative Order, which is a government of the religious community, by the religious community, in religious and community matters. This does
not separate the judicial, executive, and legislative; rather it separates the liturgical (House of Worship), the doctrinal (the Guardianship) and its extensions for propagation and protection, known collectively as the Learned of Baha, and the ‘legislative’ which is also the religious judiciary (the House of Justice both makes the laws and is the highest court of appeal for Bahais), known collectively as the Rulers of Baha.
All this is simple enough: The world order has
two arms, each divided into
three organs, giving
six core institutions. The Bahai community also has the function of “Head of the Faith’ which was held first by Baha’u’llah, then Abdu’l-Baha, then the Guardian and now by the Universal House of Justice.