My mind is closed to circular reasoning and dogmatic proof. My mind is not closed, just not easily opened to the magical world you live in on lollypop lane.
Ancient history should not be taken literally. All we take from historical sources is a general idea of what happened and where. 99 times out of 100 theres Author bias, we also have to take into account a range of things. The bible is an anti-science text book. Everything you claim it is is far from realistic.
It is a best-seller because there are millions of sheep out there.
I do not endorse science like a religion, but it would make sense to do so, they don't live behind a wall of lies and hypocrisy
There are no scientific truths in the bible. Scholars are famous for finding hidden meanings of things. Im sure if they wanted to, they could have used to bible as a manual on how to defeat the NAzi's
Our origins, for your convenience Roli:
The first metabolic process by which organic molecules could be used as
food, in the absence of oxygen, was the inefficient fermentation process, of
which CO2 is a waste product. Eventually, as the food source would have run
out otherwise, autotrophic organisms evolved. A number of different
strategies are still seen today from the chemotrophs who obtain energy from
mineral oxidation, to phototrophs who utilise light energy, to produce organic
compounds from CO2. The early photosynthesisers used H2, H2S, or the much
more available H2O as electron and H sources to fuel the production of
organic compounds. Methanogens still use H2 producing CH4. Cyanobacteria
are still capable of using H2S or H2O. Oxygen (O2) is a waste product of the
photosynthesis process using H2O.
Production of methane
As the early atmosphere was already mildly reducing, CH4, a
reduced from of carbon, was quite stable and increased to
concentrations around 1000 ppm (600x todays level). CH4 is a
greenhouse gas that would have caused the temperature to be
increased by about 15ºC and influenced many systems. The
increase in CH4 lead in turn to the development of
methanotrophic bacteria.
Production of oxygen
Stromatolites are sedimentary rocks produced in shallow marine
environments by the binding of sediment with cyanobacteria.
These cyanobacteria would have been using H2O some of the
time and thus producing oxygen. Stromatolites are also the
earliest definite signs of life that we can determine, and the
earliest ones are in Shark Bay, WA, where the cyanobacteria
are still happily producing stromatolites. Thus, O2 was being
produced 3.5 b.y.a., but free oxygen does not seem to have
appeared in the atmosphere until 2.2-2 b.y.a. The O2 produced
by photosynthesis was entirely consumed by reactions with
reduced gases and materials on Earth.
Decrease in CO2
The concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere had already
decreased even before life had formed, due to the
dissolution of CO2 in the vast oceans and the reaction of CO2
as part of the weathering of silicate minerals to form
limestone.
CaSiO3 + CO2 ® CaCO3 + SiO2
Effect of Life on Early Atmosphere
ii
The evolution of photosynthesising
organisms further depleted the
concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere.
This came about not solely due to
photosynthesis, which is nearly balanced
by respiration, but by the deposition of
detrital carbon in the ocean basins where
it is buried and lithified and therefore
unable to be used as food. It is this
process that produces excess O2!
Oxygen will react readily with reduced substances. The presence of high
concentrations of oxygen indicates a planet far from geochemical
equilibrium. It essentially means that life is present.
The reason that oxygen took about 1.5 b.y. to increase in the atmosphere
was because of the presence of enormous sinks of reduced material that
consumed the O2 being produced. The entire surface of the planet and
even the mantle was undergoing a transition from mildly reducing
conditions to oxidising
conditions. These changes are
recorded in the geological
record.
2H2 + O2 ® 2H2O
2CO + O2 ® 2CO2
This time lag was actually a very good thing for life because oxygen was
incredibly poisonous to the organisms that were producing it! The eventual
introduction of oxygen to the atmosphere triggered the first great mass
extinction.
The prokaryotic organisms present were
faced with two choices in order to survive.
They could either adapt to the changing
conditions by producing enzymes necessary to
cope with oxygen toxicity, or they could
retreat to areas that remained free of oxygen.
Some organisms adopted one of these
strategies. Most became extinct.
Some of those that evolved turned into
eukaryotic organisms, which was another
important evolutionary step (due to the
development of sexual reproduction).
The presence of oxygen had two important effects. First of all the early
organisms were limited by fermentation (or other processes) in the
energy yield they could win from the organic compounds they either
produced or consumed. The presence of free oxygen allowed the
development of complete oxidative respiration, which by releasing a far
greater amount of energy (>100x) from the fuel molecules, enabled the
biosphere to invest the surplus into evolution, diversification and
increased biomass (ie. large organisms could evolve).
Source: Pr Peter Teasdale, School of Environmental Science,
Griffith University
Please take a special note of whats in bold