Volcanoes and volcanic activity is rife along the Great Rift Valley, going from the Jordan Rift Valley down towards the African Rift Valley through Saudi. This is a techtonic plate ridge and, although information is extremely scant, my research suggests there has been seismic activity within the timescale needed. There are volcanoes, volcanic fields (with lava vents, gas leaks, etc), earthquakes, etc. My belief to date, and it's not set in stone, is that the volcanoes were in North-Western Saudi to the East of the Gulf of Aqaba. You can look the potential site up pretty easily. I also believe that Mecca was central to the Hebrews' religion and this would explain the link to Islam.
There are no volcanoes in Egypt, which offers one explanation for why the Hebrews worshipped volcanoes in Saudi; they had never seen any before and thought they were divine. There is one volcano directly North of Egypt that caused the biggest eruption in recorded history....Thera (Santorini). The dating of the eruption is still being debated, as is the dating of the Exodus, but it is possible they happened around the same time. The eruption was so massive it was felt around the world and even killed crops in China. All the ten plagues can be explained due to the eruption and related seismic activity it must surely have triggered, or maybe the eruption was trigger by seismic activity in the Rift Valley. You can easily find information on Santorini and its potential relationship with the ten plagues and Exodus.
That's it for tonight as I'm very tired. Thanks for asking the question.