The Nabateans were located in the area settled by Ishmael. They were Arabs, and ghost of the deserts who knew the desert, established trade routes, and destroyed armies of both Greece and Rome by either taking them into the desert to have the desert destroy them or using stealth and high end communications (smoke signals), to their advantage. They had good relations with the Maccabees. On the other hand, their territory apparently pushed Edom/Esau, out of their land into the original land of Judah and Simeon. Mohammed supposedly was of the family of Ishmael. Both Ishmael and Edom/Idumea are listed among those plotting to "wipe" .. "the nation of Israel" "out as a nation" (Psalms 83). It will end badly for both (Psalms 83:13).
Muhammed was not just related to Ishmael.. You forget that Abraham had six more Arab sons by Keturah. The Indumeans were absorbed by the Natabeans.
NABATEANS , ancient people in the
Middle East. Originally a pastoral, nomadic people, the Nabateans became merchants in the trade of oils, aromatics and spices, frankincense and myrrh from southern Arabia. By the second century b.c.e., they controlled the
Red Sea coastal cities and were considered unwelcome competition by Ptolemaic shipping interests (Diodorus 3, 43:5). Soon thereafter the expansionist Nabateans established settlements on the lucrative trade route, dominating the passage from the Hejaz through Petra to Damascus, and from Petra through the Negev to the Mediterranean port city of Gaza.
Nabatean remains are found at over 1,000 sites in this area. At their height they controlled and colonized parts of modern-day Syria, Jordan, the Israeli Negev, Sinai, parts of eastern Egypt, and a northwestern section of
Saudi Arabia.
Nabatea's apogee is from the first century b.c.e. to the second century c.e. Nabatean material culture reaches its zenith in the second half of the first century b.c.e., before the Romans established control in 106 c.e.
The Nabateans (Gk.
Nabataioi) are identified as people from the Arab kingdom of Nabatea. They refer to themselves as
Nabatu on their Aramaic inscriptions.
Their origins are controversial, but according to Graf the Nabateans arose within the Aramaic-speaking world of the so-called "
Fertile Crescent" (Hieronymous of Cardia,
apud Diodorus Siculus 19:95), and they may have been a sub-tribe from Qedar or the
Persian Gulf. Philip C. Hammond places their origins in the Arabian Hejaz. However, the fact is that we do not know where they come from; thus, their origins are unknown.
Whatever their origins, we do know that by 312 b.c.e. the Nabateans were already living in Petra, where they defended themselves successfully from an attack by Antigonus the "One-Eyed," a veteran commander from
Alexander the Great's eastern campaigns.
Their sister city to Petra is Madain Saleh in Arabia which most people don't know about.. Their trade route came up from Yemen.
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