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Is the universe infinite or finite?

Is the universe infinite or finite?

  • Infinite

  • Finite


Results are only viewable after voting.

gnostic

The Lost One
Mate. I never said that one model is infinite. It is some of the atheists who said that one of the models that suits them is absolute. One atheist even gave a model that he cooked up. So hopefully some will read this. :)



Maybe you like to side with your kind. But you should note, that I never said that they were wrong. I just asked them questions that they didnt answer. For example one proposed the cyclic universe model, and the other of course just got very angry for no reason. So maybe you should tell me which model have I proposed to be absolute and infinite in this thread.



I have explained this to one of the people you mentioned above. In detail. But thanks.



But some atheists here do. And they have said that some models are definitely absolutely. You defended them as well. So you are practicing a bias. A double standard. I see that all the time.

I asked a few questions that came up from the investigation of the causal structure of space time. Atheists here proposed certain models as their preferred ones but they were not argued considering the questions. Showed that there are three different geometric models considered what was proposed was only one which is when Omega is one. Of course it was not understood and retorted back with a bit of rhetoric. Angry rhetoric. :) Its funny really.

Also, even though euclidian metrics is the most prevalent along with a specially flat universe, asymptotically Euclidean metrics is considered although cosmologists like Penrose are interested in a finite region rather than at infinity. Connected, disconnected asymptotically Euclidean metrics. Now you should note that some positive claims were made. I mean 100% assured, poise claims. And when questioned, the response is an insult. When asked a very specific question about the radii, the hot Big Bang model, the Hartle and hawking no boundary model and the radii calculation in it, the response is of course a snide remark.

So mate. Rather than responding for others and taking sides, just provide your insight which is a far better approach to make.

Now that you made some comments, can you specifically explain very clearly without any frills how you would explain the thermodynamic problems posed in the cyclic universe model? You seem to know the responses of the others very well so maybe you know the questions I asked. You should.

The density parameter at a rapid expansion in inflation would be pushed towards omega=1 and of course the geometry to flatness and the prediction that stems from inflation is that the universe is flat according to Guth. Everyone gets this. Since the discovery of dark energy so cosmic microwave background and supernovae calculations show that it adds Omega m approximately 0.69 so that the Omega is plus 1 or 1+ or - 0.01. Thats why I asked the specific question specifying Omega at 1. But of course the question was not understood, not clarified, but rhetoric was the issue.

I would suggest that rather than eternally delving in a quest to debunk others no matter what, and engaging in good conversation trying to understand others, and if not understood ask for clarifications, and if something is not known being candid, is the way to go.

Thanks and cheers. I appreciate your post.

You have completely misunderstood my reply.

My post has nothing to do with theism vs atheism, or with science vs religion.

Did I say anything about theism, religion, creation, Genesis or god, in my post?

No.

Just as I didn’t bring up theism, I didn’t say anything about atheism. There was no atheism this or theism that.

You have blown my post out-of proportions.

I was only focusing what you said about the universe being infinite or not infinite. And I was focusing on the only model that has “scientific theory” status - the Big Bang theory, which is why I gave you that link.

All I was saying that astrophysicists don’t know at this time, but in the Big Bang cosmology, they have PROPOSED several possible shapes of the universe that COULD indicate whether the universe was infinite or not infinite.

I have even provided you a link that briefly explain those 3 POSSIBLE SHAPES of the universe - “spherical”, “saddle-shape” or “flat”.

The webpage also stated quite clearly there are limitations to technology, both past and present, that they cannot observe the entire universe, therefore they cannot yet to determine the universe’s actual shape.

So according to Big Bang theory, they have not yet confirmed the shape of the Universe or if it is infinite or finite.

How did you misread my post, so badly?

And btw, the Big Bang cosmology has nothing to do with atheism or with theism, because scientists from both parties have contributed to BB theory.

For instance, there were 3 pioneers who independently proposed the Big Bang theory in 1920s except that it was never called the Big Bang theory until 1949; back in the 1920s, 30s & most of the 40s, it was only referred to as the Expanding Universe Model.

These 3 astrophysicists were -
  1. Alexander Friedmann (1922), Russian
  2. Howard Percy Robertson (1924-25), American
  3. Georges Lemaître (1927), Belgian
The years given above is when they independently published their papers.

Friedmann was atheist, but Lemaître, known as the “Father of the Big Bang theory”, was a theist and a Christian. Not only that, Lemaître was also Catholic priest.

But whether they were theists or atheists, it wasn’t important. The Big Bang theory, is a scientific theory, not an atheism-vs-theism forum.

Get your fact straight before making this false pro-atheism claim.

Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, Newton and Maxwell were all Christians, as well as physicists too. Do see me being biased - rejecting their contributions to science because they were “theists”?

No. You are being ridiculous with your false allegations.

You owe me an apology for completely misunderstanding my intentions in my reply and for accusing me of being biased.
 

firedragon

Veteran Member
You have completely misunderstood my reply.

My post has nothing to do with theism vs atheism, or with science vs religion.

Did I say anything about theism, religion, creation, Genesis or god, in my post?

No.

Just as I didn’t bring up theism, I didn’t say anything about atheism. There was no atheism this or theism that.

You have blown my post out-of proportions.

I was only focusing what you said about the universe being infinite or not infinite. And I was focusing on the only model that has “scientific theory” status - the Big Bang theory, which is why I gave you that link.

All I was saying that astrophysicists don’t know at this time, but in the Big Bang cosmology, they have PROPOSED several possible shapes of the universe that COULD indicate whether the universe was infinite or not infinite.

I have even provided you a link that briefly explain those 3 POSSIBLE SHAPES of the universe - “spherical”, “saddle-shape” or “flat”.

The webpage also stated quite clearly there are limitations to technology, both past and present, that they cannot observe the entire universe, therefore they cannot yet to determine the universe’s actual shape.

So according to Big Bang theory, they have not yet confirmed the shape of the Universe or if it is infinite or finite.

How did you misread my post, so badly?

And btw, the Big Bang cosmology has nothing to do with atheism or with theism, because scientists from both parties have contributed to BB theory.

For instance, there were 3 pioneers who independently proposed the Big Bang theory in 1920s except that it was never called the Big Bang theory until 1949; back in the 1920s, 30s & most of the 40s, it was only referred to as the Expanding Universe Model.

These 3 astrophysicists were -
  1. Alexander Friedmann (1922), Russian
  2. Howard Percy Robertson (1924-25), American
  3. Georges Lemaître (1927), Belgian
The years given above is when they independently published their papers.

Friedmann was atheist, but Lemaître, known as the “Father of the Big Bang theory”, was a theist and a Christian. Not only that, Lemaître was also Catholic priest.

But whether they were theists or atheists, it wasn’t important. The Big Bang theory, is a scientific theory, not an atheism-vs-theism forum.

Get your fact straight before making this false pro-atheism claim.

Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, Newton and Maxwell were all Christians, as well as physicists too. Do see me being biased - rejecting their contributions to science because they were “theists”?

No. You are being ridiculous with your false allegations.

You owe me an apology for completely misunderstanding my intentions in my reply and for accusing me of being biased.

I never said anything about atheism. I said about atheists in this thread.

cheers.
 

gnostic

The Lost One
I never said anything about atheism. I said about atheists in this thread.

cheers.
My 1st reply also have nothing to do with atheists too.

The Big Bang theory has nothing to do with atheism and theism, and nothing to do with atheists and theists.

The Big Bang theory is simply about the cosmology of the expanding universe, which are based on General Relativity, on Cosmological Principle and on other physics fields (eg Particle Physics and Quantum Physics with formation of matters in early universe epochs; gravity, Nuclear Physics and Particle Physics with star formation and Stellar Nucleosynthesis, etc).

Theism and atheism are irrelevant, these are both religious and philosophical issues, and both have no place in Natural Sciences.

I don’t care if you were talking about atheism or atheists, you still misunderstood my intentions in my earlier post, and you still own me apology for falsely accusing me of being biased.
 

firedragon

Veteran Member
The Big Bang theory has nothing to do with atheism and theism, and nothing to do with atheists and theists.

I dont have a clue who said this.

I don’t care if you were talking about atheism or atheists, you still misunderstood my intentions in my earlier post, and you still own me apology for falsely accusing me of being biased.

Ill tell you what. Maybe you should apologise for falsely saying that I said "atheism vs theism" and we can do this exchange of apologies you insist. I know its a bit of a childish game but go ahead.

Whole posts are ignored, but some small personal issue picked up and absolutely insisted upon. I explained what you were defending and why you have not understood anything you were defending. You were just defending people. If that is what you want, go ahead. But I dont intend to do this rhetorical exchange.

Ciao.
 

ratiocinator

Lightly seared on the reality grill.
1. Which model of the universe are you referring to?
2. If it extends to infinity how could it have a radii? How does that conform with the Hot Big Bang model?

What model are you using (with a reference, please) - the one that has a literal radius that means it must be finite?

Most people except for you seem to be describing the the standard BB model, which leaves open the question of whether it's spatially finite or not and which doesn't have a radius in any literal sense. The observable universe has a radius, there is also the Hubble radius, and you can define a radius of curvature (see: Friedmann equations - Wikipedia), but an unqualified "radius of the universe" doesn't mean anything.
 

Clara Tea

Well-Known Member
This question comes out of curiosity to find the arguments of those who make both sides of the word "or". If this is a false dichotomy I would like to hear the other options to this as well.

A few atheists have been making a similar argument to "the universe is infinite" in this very forum when discussing the Kalam Cosmological Argument, which is the reason for this thought experiment if I may put it that way. Now before anyone derails the thread saying "this is a strawman" let me make it clear that this is not an atheists position in general, but a few do make this positive claim, thus what are the philosophical or/and scientific reasonings for this?

A stick of dynamite exploding on an indestructible checkerboard splatters bits of dynamite (this is an explosion).

The big bang of the universe is not an explosion. Rather, it is a stretching of the checkerboard (known as the metric). It isn't a real grid, it is just a way for our minds to grasp the concept of stretching space (not the stretching of space-time.....time doesn't stretch).

Friedman's Equation (derived from General Relativity) shows that the big bang happened 13.8 billion years ago. So, it was a finite amount of time. But, expansion is accelerating.

Nothing is allowed to travel across the metric faster than the speed of light in a vacuum. Yet, the metric, itself, is stretching fast than the speed of light. Those parts that are going away from others faster than the speed of light cannot be observed (outpaced light).

As things travel away from each other at the speed of light, time slows to zero (time stands still). So, you'd take an infinite amount of time to move apart from a part of the universe that is traveling away at the speed of light.

Sensing a gravitational field takes time, since the field cannot travel across the metric faster than the speed of light. Thus, there are parts of the universe that no longer feel the gravity of other parts of the universe (literally outrunning gravity).

So, though the universe had a big bang a finite number of years ago, because time slows to zero, it takes an infinite amount of time to move, from our perspective of a star receding at the speed of light. Thus, it is both finite and infinite, depending on where you are standing.
 

firedragon

Veteran Member
A stick of dynamite exploding on an indestructible checkerboard splatters bits of dynamite (this is an explosion).

The big bang of the universe is not an explosion. Rather, it is a stretching of the checkerboard (known as the metric). It isn't a real grid, it is just a way for our minds to grasp the concept of stretching space (not the stretching of space-time.....time doesn't stretch).

Friedman's Equation (derived from General Relativity) shows that the big bang happened 13.8 billion years ago. So, it was a finite amount of time. But, expansion is accelerating.

Nothing is allowed to travel across the metric faster than the speed of light in a vacuum. Yet, the metric, itself, is stretching fast than the speed of light. Those parts that are going away from others faster than the speed of light cannot be observed (outpaced light).

As things travel away from each other at the speed of light, time slows to zero (time stands still). So, you'd take an infinite amount of time to move apart from a part of the universe that is traveling away at the speed of light.

Sensing a gravitational field takes time, since the field cannot travel across the metric faster than the speed of light. Thus, there are parts of the universe that no longer feel the gravity of other parts of the universe (literally outrunning gravity).

So, though the universe had a big bang a finite number of years ago, because time slows to zero, it takes an infinite amount of time to move, from our perspective of a star receding at the speed of light. Thus, it is both finite and infinite, depending on where you are standing.

Great post. Thank you very much.
 

Ponder This

Well-Known Member
No. This is not about the Kalam Cosmological Argument. This is about the topic, an infinite universe.

Okay. Just to be clear, the infinity question usually refers to the magnitude of Space-Time and not to the question of whether the continuum is infinitesimal.
The current best theory is that there was a Big Bang, which places a finite magnitude on time since the beginning of the universe, a finite rate of expansion, and a finite magnitude on the total Space-Time of the universe as it is now.

All theories which speculate on an infinite universe are not a priori wrong; they simply don't have enough evidence to support them as the best scientific theory of the universe.
 

ratiocinator

Lightly seared on the reality grill.
The current best theory is that there was a Big Bang, which places a finite magnitude on time since the beginning of the universe, a finite rate of expansion, and a finite magnitude on the total Space-Time of the universe as it is now.

All theories which speculate on an infinite universe are not a priori wrong; they simply don't have enough evidence to support them as the best scientific theory of the universe.

No, this is not the case. The standard BB model does not answer the question of whether space is finite or infinite. As space appears to be very close to being 'flat', the simplest topology would suggest that it is infinite.
 

firedragon

Veteran Member
Okay. Just to be clear, the infinity question usually refers to the magnitude of Space-Time and not to the question of whether the continuum is infinitesimal.
The current best theory is that there was a Big Bang, which places a finite magnitude on time since the beginning of the universe, a finite rate of expansion, and a finite magnitude on the total Space-Time of the universe as it is now.

All theories which speculate on an infinite universe are not a priori wrong; they simply don't have enough evidence to support them as the best scientific theory of the universe.

Yes I agree with you. It is such a fascinating subject to ponder over. Too much to read.

Thank you.
 

TagliatelliMonster

Veteran Member
This question comes out of curiosity to find the arguments of those who make both sides of the word "or". If this is a false dichotomy I would like to hear the other options to this as well.

A few atheists have been making a similar argument to "the universe is infinite" in this very forum when discussing the Kalam Cosmological Argument, which is the reason for this thought experiment if I may put it that way. Now before anyone derails the thread saying "this is a strawman" let me make it clear that this is not an atheists position in general, but a few do make this positive claim, thus what are the philosophical or/and scientific reasonings for this?

Depends in what way I think.

The total energy of the universe isn't infinite, so the universe certainly isn't infinite in terms of the amount of "stuff" that it contains.

The space part though... Eventhough it isn't "infinite" per say, it could be potentially. If the expansion of space goes on forever, then space would get ever larger. And space growing larger "forever", it seems to me, would make it infinitely large. If you would have a way to measure the size of the universe, it would have become larger again by the time you finish the measurement.

Conceptually space has a boundary, since it is ever-expanding. It would stand to reason that there is an "edge" to space which is ever-moving further away. This happens at a speed faster then the speed of light, so one would never be able to reach this "edge". In fact, if you travel at the fastest speed physically possible - then the edge would still move away faster from you then you are traveling towards it, making it impossible to ever catch up.

Insofar as "infinity" can actually exist in physical reality, it seems to me that ever-growing space is just that.
 

Ponder This

Well-Known Member
No, this is not the case. The standard BB model does not answer the question of whether space is finite or infinite. As space appears to be very close to being 'flat', the simplest topology would suggest that it is infinite.

The BB model indicates that space expanded from the Big Bang (and continues to expand according to observation).
Expansion of the Universe
"Metric expansion is a key feature of the Big Bang cosmology"​

The topology of the universe is also an interesting question to think about, but it turns out that local flatness doesn't indicate whether or not the universe is bounded.
 

oldbadger

Skanky Old Mongrel!
This question comes out of curiosity to find the arguments of those who make both sides of the word "or". If this is a false dichotomy I would like to hear the other options to this as well.
There will be billions of universes beyond this one.
 

gnostic

The Lost One
There will be billions of universes beyond this one.
Maybe...maybe not.

Multiverse is one of highly theoretical models that ultimately cannot be tested.

But it worked wonderfully in the sci-Fi novels, comics, and in sci-fi movies and tv series.
 

We Never Know

No Slack
This question comes out of curiosity to find the arguments of those who make both sides of the word "or". If this is a false dichotomy I would like to hear the other options to this as well.

A few atheists have been making a similar argument to "the universe is infinite" in this very forum when discussing the Kalam Cosmological Argument, which is the reason for this thought experiment if I may put it that way. Now before anyone derails the thread saying "this is a strawman" let me make it clear that this is not an atheists position in general, but a few do make this positive claim, thus what are the philosophical or/and scientific reasonings for this?
Could our universe be finite and if multi-unverses exist, space itself be infinite?

Skip to 5:45 of the video to where it gives the multi-universe scenario. What they all would exist in would be space.

 

firedragon

Veteran Member
Could our universe be finite and if multi-unverses exist, space itself be infinite?

Skip to 5:45 of the video to where it gives the multi-universe scenario. What they all would exist in would be space.


I think everyone here has seen the multiverse theory brother. Thanks though. I will watch it for sure.
 
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