Robots and computers are going to replace more than low skilled jobs. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is going to replace many skilled jobs, too. Even what we today consider highly-skilled jobs -- and sooner than most of us can imagine. Or at least, so a friend of mine who works at the university level in the forefront of the developing AI technology tells me.
He tells me the common thinking among his group of researchers/developers is that a conservative estimate would be 30% to 40% worldwide unemployment within two or three decades. Similar levels of unemployment were last seen in the US during the Great Depression.
Liberal estimates of unemployment run as high as 60%.
If such things actually come to pass, there will be tremendous, worldwide pressure to radically change societies. Conservative folks will be pleased to know that one direction societies could go is backwards to some kind of Feudalism, in which about 2% of the population owns almost all the wealth. The wealthy will be the new lords and ladies of the world. Some relatively lucky folks will be their retainers. But the "independent" middle class will be tiny, almost gone, when compared to today, and the impoverished underclass will be relatively huge, and mostly living in slums.
A society like that might make Dickens' London look like utopia. However, there are reasons to believe that is the most likely scenario, and it will surely be the way some -- perhaps many -- of today's societies develop in the future. The Third World already has societies that are in some significant ways much like it.
A second scenario is much less likely because it requires a radical rethinking of just about everything having to do with the social structure, in addition to people actually acting on that rethinking in order to restructure society economically, politically, and socially. I give it little chance of being successfully implemented in countries like America, Guatemala, China, Brazil, and Russia, but I think it might catch on in a few countries in Western and Northern Europe, such as the Netherlands, Denmark, and Norway.
At the core of the second scenario is the idea of guaranteeing a basic, living income to every adult in the society. This idea is about to be scientifically tested in the Netherlands. The income would be distributed without strings -- people would not need to work for it. It would be sufficient to allow people to live above the poverty level, but not sufficient to allow them to live with many luxuries. Anyone who wanted to work, and who could land one of the world's few remaining jobs, would be able to work without losing their guaranteed income. If they were lucky enough to get a job, they could keep (minus taxes) what they earned.
The second scenario does not eliminate capitalism, but would require a radical redistribution of wealth that is most likely politically impossible to accomplish in most of the world's nations. Conservative folks can take cheer in the likelihood that it's probably not coming anytime soon to a country near them. Onward Feudalism!