In Rabbi Boyarin's recently quoted book,
Carnal Israel, he notes that Philo (with no small number of predecessors and followers, and no small precedent) considered "masculinity" to be immaterial (like mind, or spirit) while materiality is fancied "female." The body is feminine, and the soul, mind, or spirit (these three words may speak of the same thing) is masculine.
The acceptance of this metaphysical foundation for gender creates fertile ground for examining the differences gender metaphysics display throughout Jewish and Christian theology, ritual, and practice. As Rabbi Boyarin points out, Judaism eschews the strict distinction between mind/spirit/soul, versus physical body. Judaism rejects the concrete duality of body and soul, or body and spirit, and teaches, ritualizes, and practices, a religion whereby what is real bodily is real spiritually; since the two binary concepts (body and spirit) don't, in Judaism, have a dis-unified or separate reality.
As is most often the case, I accept the basic foundation of Jewish thought, and metaphysics, such that my guiding principle in the examination of the metaphysics of gender is that gender metaphysics mustn't allegorize or metaphorize physical, biological, reality (in this case gender), allowing theory and practice to distort the literal truth of the physical body. This being the case, on the surface I would appear to be in perfect league with Judaism's theology of gender whereby it ---gender--- appears to be reified in the physical, biological, reality, of the Jewish body, which, just like the god-given text of the Torah, is the anchor and foundation for all legitimate speculation and interpretation.
This is to say that since I accept the Chazal's claim that no interpretation of the text of the Torah can stray from the literal meaning of the words and their grammar, so too, I accept the Talmudic belief that the body, the flesh, of the Jew, which I believe is tantamount to God's textualizing of the reality of mankind in that fleshly body, should therein imply that I wouldn't want to stray too far from the reality of the body, as understood in Judaism, to erroneously present some allegorical or mystical interpretation of gender freed from the anchor of biological reality.
And yet, as I showed, in the thread
Ibn Ezra's Demon, there are many places, if not most places, in the literal text of the Torah, where interpreted in the most common meaning of the words and grammar, the text of the Torah is itself clearly, undeniably, allegorical, or metaphorical, and to a degree unacceptable to Jewish tradition, such that in these cases we see Jewish exegetes forced to stray farther even than any Christian exegete from faithfulness to the literal text, which in these cases, presents no acceptable meaning within the broader traditions of what the text has always been thought to be saying, i.e, what it simply must be saying, if Jewish tradition is properly anchored to the literal text (the thread
Ibn Ezra's Demon demonstrated this through careful exegesis of Psalms 2:6-7, and 110:1).
Using the same exegetical principle that showed the impossibility of Jewish exegetes interpreting Psalm 2:6-7, or 110:1 correctly, i.e., according to the plain and clear meaning of the text and the grammar, it can be seen here too, that in the metaphysics of gender, the Jewish interpretation of gender strays too far from the literal genetics of the body to be acceptable except where Jewish tradition is allowed to override and stray far from the very foundation that allegedly anchors it to its traditional understanding.