Yes. The exact age is not given. But, it says very vividly that the Balaghul Nikaha or the age of marriage should be with maturity, mature enough for the girl to be financially independent and to be able to handle finances on her own (inheritance), full physical growth, and no childishness. There are some who cherry pick verses, muslims and non-muslims both do that. Even scholars do that sometimes which is a method they had developed. But the better method is to read the whole book, and take context of the whole book.
Pakistan is Pakistan. There is no indication in Islam that Pakistan is the benchmark. Hope you understand that. No country or world is a benchmark.
True. For many years, many have believed it to be true. Some people do tend to be dogmatic. Some people believe that they should not question their particular dogma. That's called Thakleedh in Islam, and some of the schools of thought particularly condemn that practice and they practice Akal which is what the Qur'an teaches. Using reason, logic and Ijtihad or independent investigation.
The hadith you speak of is in the Buhari collection and his student's collection Muslim. So it's primarily Buhari, and they have conflicting reports in age. Some Muslims have adopted this dogmatic following of Buhari's collection of ahadith as if they are above the Quran. Not only some Muslims, even some atheists and Christians seem to want to believe some hadith so passionately, but the thing is, these few want to believe those hadith that they think they can use to insult billions of human beings. But, Islamic scholarship generally does not believe in hadith to that depth. It is the layman who does. Maybe some fringe scholars did propagate ahadith to be so true without question, but they are fringe. Ahadith are called Kaburul Ahad, which means ultimately it is one mans word. So you have to investigate so stringently to navigate through hadith which is called Ilme Ahadith, and even then, you should not consider it absolute.
If this is such an important hadith why didn't Imam Malik narrate it? After all, he is supposed to have the Golden Chain. That means the most authentic hadith. Not Buhari, Muslim, Tirmidhi or anyone. Not even the famous Imam Hanbal. It is Malik who had the golden chain. He didn't report this. No where. And where does this hadith come from? Aisha's own nephew Urwa. How would you know if Urwa actually reports this or not? And if he did, how would you know if he was trying to lower Aisha's age so low that it is impossible for her to have slept around with so many men prior to marrying Muhammed because the Shii's were spreading that she was a loose woman who was sleeping around with many men prior to marrying Muhammed because they were at war with her? Do you know that Shii scholars and Sunni scholars like Fakhruddhin arrazi have said that this is the case? And do you know who Imam Malik was? He was the first well known
I can't go on for too long. There is more evidence within the hadith that Aisha was much older when she got married. I say that again. There is more evidence "within the hadith" that she was much older. Just that internet polemicists are unaware and don't care because their agenda doesnt suit that kind of investigation or reporting. For example, how could the sister of Aisha who was 10 years older than her be in her late thirties when Aisha married Muhammed if Aisha was 6 years old? It's a contradiction. How is Aisha called young woman when she heard something from her parents like 10 years prior to marrying Muhammed? In Arabic there is a big difference between being called Thifl or Jaariyah. How come the girls permission is necessary for marriage according to ahadith and Aisha was 6 when she got married? To give permission according to Fikh one has to be of grown age with maturity. How come everyone has a habit of dropping the "Sahih" bomb without knowing about Muhkam and Sarih?
There are so many things scholars have studied from the time of Imam Muhajid aljabr, and this was nothing new? I can give you primary sources, secondary sources, third party sources, intense studies, it's all available in classical Islamic studies.
Cheers.