Cougarbear:
Back then, when Genesis was composed in the 1st millennium BCE, no one had telescopes, so they in the night sky, they can only view stars and some planets (only Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn could be seen), with the naked eye.
No one, particularly ancient Israelites back then, knew just how many stars were out there, and thought what they could see, were countless.
The person who wrote Genesis, certainly didn’t know the precise numbers that could be seen in our sky, and certainly didn’t know there were lot more that couldn’t be seen.
15:5, 22:17, 26:4
Several times when god spoke to the patriarchs (twice to Abraham - 15:5 & 22:17, and once to Isaac in 26:4) god compared the numbers of their descendants to the numbers of stars that could be seen in the night sky.
For example, 15:5:
“Genesis 15:5” said:
5 He brought him outside and said, “Look toward heaven and count the stars, if you are able to count them.” Then he said to him, “So shall your descendants be.”
God said to Abraham, to count the stars in the sky if he can. God wasn’t telling Abraham to count all the stars that he couldn’t see, but the ones that he could see.
But just how many stars can be counted, without any aid of telescope?
Well modern star gazers and astronomers can only see and count them without the telescopes and they come up with only 2000 stars.
There are actually about 4500 stars (in total, meaning if you count the number of stars in both the northern and southern hemispheres) that can be without telescope, but only around 2000 stars in a specific location, for example, Abraham in Hebron, would only see around 2000 stars.
If that’s the number of Abraham’s descendants, then that’s not much at all. Because according to Numbers 1, the numbers of men that can fight in Moses’ days, numbered over 603,000 (not counting the elderly, women and children).
If god was “all-knowing”, then he should know that observable 2000 stars are not much.
Among the stars and planets that can be seen in the sky (without any telescope), two objects are galaxies - the Andromeda Galaxy and the Triangulum Galaxy.
Everyone thought these galaxies were just stars. Even with telescopes, people before Edwin Hubble in 1919, astronomers thought Andromeda and Triangulum were nebulae inside the Milky Way, not galaxies. The telescopes before Hubble’s time (before 1919) weren’t all that powerful.
In 1919, when Hubble looked from a newly built Hooker Telescope, he discovered that Andromeda and Triangulum were separate galaxies, not nebulae.
The reasons why I am giving you history lesson about Edwin Hubble and these galaxies, Andromeda and Triangulum are our nearest spiral galaxies, respectively at about 2 million and 3 million light years away from our Sun. And are tens of billions of galaxies out there.
But more importantly, is that light take time to travel the distance in space.
So if we look at Andromeda Galaxy tonight, what we really seeing is not Andromeda today, but what Andromeda looks like 2 million years ago.
Now if Genesis 1say god created the stars on the 4th day of creation (Genesis 1:16) -
“Genesis 1:16” said:
16 God made the two great lights—the greater light to rule the day and the lesser light to rule the night—and the stars.
- and that earth and universe are only 6000 years old (12,000 years old according to the other group of Young Earth creationists), then we should not be able to see Andromeda Galaxy.
And there are billions of more galaxies that we cannot see without the telescope.
That Andromeda Galaxy is about 2 million light years away, tell us that universe is even larger than we originally assumed and anticipated.