We are agreed that Jesus is not physically God incarnate and share the same understanding as how this belief came about through various church councils in the fourth century and beyond, particularly the two in Nicea.
The belief that Jesus is God is because of apostasy.
The apostasy of the first century Church of Christ is indeed prophesied by the Bible
THE ISSUE IF there was an apostasy took place in the first century Church of Church is very vital especially for the Roman Catholic Church because if there was, the Catholic Church cannot be the true Church founded by Christ, but the apostatized church because the Catholic Church claims that they succeeded the first century Church of Christ. This is the reason why the Catholic Church is using every possible way to cover the biblical and historical facts of the apostasy that took place in the first century Church of Christ.
WHAT “APOSTASY” IS
The dictionary defines “apostasy” as “the renunciation of a religious or political belief or allegiance” (Microsoft Encarta Dictionary). Thus, Apostasy is a defection, a falling away from what one believed in, as apostasy from one’s religion, creed, or politics. Hence, one becomes an "apostate" as soon as he departs from his former belief, whatever it was. What undergoes change is not the person nor his nature but his beliefs.
The Bible also has a definition for “apostasy.” Let us read what is written I Timothy 4:1:
“Now the Holy Spirit tells us clearly that in the last times some will turn away from the true faith; they will follow deceptive spirits and teachings that come from demons.” (New Living Translation)
According to Apostle Paul, “some WILL TURN AWAY FROM THE TRUE FAITH; they will follow deceptive spirits and teachings that come from demons.” These words (“turning away from the true faith”) is synonymous with the word “apostasy”:
“But the Spirit speaks expressly, that in latter times some shall APOSTATISE from the faith, giving their mind to deceiving spirits and teachings of demons.” (Darby Bible)
Aside from “turning away from the true faith,” the Bible also used the following words which are also synonymous with the word “apostasy”:
“depart from faith” (KJV)
“abandon the faith” (NIV)
“fall away from the faith” (NASB)
“desert the Christian faith” (God’s Word)
“turned away from the faith” (Bible basic English)
“renounce the faith” (NRSV)
For Apostle Paul, apostasy is not only turning away from the true faith, but also following deceptive spirits and teachings that came from demons.” The “true faith” is what the Lord Jesus Christ and the His apostles taught. Where could we find the truth taught by the Lord Jesus and His Apostles? Which can teach us the truth? This is what apostle Paul said in II Toimothy 3:16-17:
“And you remember that ever since you were a child, you have known the Holy Scriptures, which are able to give you the wisdom that leads to salvation through faith in Christ Jesus. All Scripture is inspired by God and is useful for teaching the truth, rebuking error, correcting faults, and giving instruction for right living, so that the person who serves God may be fully qualified and equipped to do every kind of good deed.” (TEV)
Not all the things done by Christ and the Apostles were written (cf. Jn. 20:30-31). In fact there were some things that God did not want to be written (cf. Dan. 12:4; Rev. 10:4). The Apostles wrote down what they witnessed (cf. 1 Jn. 1:1-4). All such writings were inspired by God, should be used for doctrine, correction, instruction, and they make man perfect (cf. II Tim. 3:16-17). What were written are enough and nothing should be added to them nor subtracted from them (cf. Rev. 22:18-19) for what are written were written so that we might believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God and that by believing we might have eternal life through His name (cf. Jn. 20:30-31). Apostle Paul adds that we must not go beyond what is written:
“Now, brothers, I have applied these things to myself and Apollos for your benefit, so that you may learn from us the meaning of the saying, "Do not go beyond what is written." Then you will not take pride in one man over against another.” (I Corinthians 4:6 NIV)
Thus, departing from the true faith is departing from what the Bible teaches through going beyond what is written. Moreover, apostasy is also changing the Gospel of Christ or the doctrine writen in the Bible:
“I am surprised at you! In no time at all you are deserting the one who called you by the grace of Christ, and are accepting another gospel. Actually, there is no "other gospel," but I say this because there are some people who are upsetting you and trying to change the gospel of Christ. But even if we or an angel from heaven should preach to you a gospel that is different from the one we preached to you, may he be condemned to hell! Galacia 1:6-8 TEV
Hence, an apostate is (1) those that followed the doctrines came from the demon or erroneous doctrines; (2) went beyond what is written (taught doctrines not in the Bible, upheld unbiblical doctrines); and (3) changed the doctrines written in the Bible (changed the Gospel or the teachings of Christ and the apostles). Apostle Paul said, “if we or an angel from heaven should preach to you a gospel that is different from the one we preached to you, may he be condemned to hell!.”