Soapy
Son of his Father: The Heir and Prince
Hello Soapy, The Hebrew and Greek noun of H7676 and G4521 shabbath of Gods 4th commandment does not mean rest. It is a noun that is descriptive or a name applied to "the seventh day of the week". The word that it comes from though is שָׁבַת (shâbath | H7673) shabath (note one b instead of 2 between H7676 and H7673). This is from Genesis 2:1-3 and means rest and is a action verb. So we keep the Sabbath by resting on the "seventh day" of the week while the name of the "seventh day" of God's weekly creation is simply called "the Sabbath" which is the noun of what we are to rest on.
Here is the Hebrew, Greek and scriptural meanings of the Sabbath here for your interest.
HEBREW DICTIONARY
Hebrew and Greek Dictionaries w/TVM, Strong - H7676
שַׁבָּת (shabbâth | shab-bawth')
Derivation: intensive from שָׁבַת;
Strong's: intermission, i.e (specifically) the Sabbath
KJV: ([phrase] every) sabbath.
Cognate Group: H7673 (cease), H7676 (sabbath), H7678 (Shabbethai), H4868 (sabbath), H7674 (cease), H7677 (rest)
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, Unabridged - H7676
H7676. shabbath
שַׁבָּת111 noun feminineEx 31:41+ and masculineIsa 66:2, 6 (under influence of יוֺם in frequent הַשּׁ ׳יוֺם, AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 47) sabbath ( = ת + שׁבת; Late Hebrew שַׁבָּת, Aramaic שַׁבְּתָא, ; perhaps Assyrian šabattum (||um nu— libbi, day of rest of heart (i.e. propitiation) [of deity]: only in lexical Tablets); compare LotzQuaest. de hist. Sabbati, 1883 JenZA iv (1889), 274 ff. (doubts connection of Assyrian word with Hebrew Sabbath) IdS. S. Times, Jan. 16, 1892, 35 f. Muss-ArnJBL xi (1892), 93 SchwIdioticon 127; see (more recently) JastrAmos. J. Theol. ii (1898), 332 ff. ToyTBL xviii (1899), 190 ff. DrHast. DB SABBATH (1902) ZimKAT 3. 592 ff.; ZMG 1904, 199 ff. [15th day of month so called]458ff.); — absolute ׳שׁ Exod 16:25 64t.; construct שַׁבַּת 16:23 10t.; suffix שַׁבַּתּוֺ Num 28:10 3t. suffix; plural שַׁבָּתוֺת Lev 23:15 7t.; construct שַׁבְּתתֹ 23:38; 25:3, 8; suffix שַׁבְּתוֺתַי Isa 56:4 +, etc.; —
1 sabbath:
a. primitive ׳שׁ ליהוה Exod 16:25 (J), 20:10 = Deut 5:14 (ten words) Lev 23:3 (P); ׳הַשּׁ Exod 16:29 (J); שׁ ׳הַשְּׁבִיעִי בַּיוֺם 16:26 (J); on seventh day הַשַּׁבָּת יוֺם 20:8, 11 = Deut 5:12, 15 (ten words), so throughout; Exod 31:15 3t. P, Jer 17:21; Ezek 46:4; Neh 10:32 9t., + (|| new moon) Isa 1:13; Ezek 46:1; 2Kin 4:23; Amos 8:5, compare Isa 66:23 (twice in verse), also חג and מועד Hosea 2:13; time of change of watch in temple 2Kin 11:5, 7, 9 (twice in verse) = 2Chr 23:4, 8 (twice in verse); ׳הַשּׁ מיסך (in temple) 2Kin 16:18; originally observed simply by abstinence from labour Exod 20:9-10, = Deut 5:12-14; Exod 23:12 (E), 34:21 (J; BrHex. 181-195).
b. Deuteronomic reason for day is deliverance from Egypt Deut 5:15, hence its consecration, לְקַדְּשׁוֺ 5:12 = Exod 20:8; השׁ יום ׳קדּשׁ Jer 17:22, 24, 27 (especially no load carried), Ezek 20:20; 44:24.
c. intensified by anith. שׁ ׳חלּל Ezek 20:13 5t. Ezekiel; compare Neh 13:18. Phrases in H: (ה)שׁ ׳שׁמר Lev 19:3, 10; 26:2, then P Exod 31:13-14, 16; compare Isa 56:2, 4, 6; י ׳קדושׁ קָדְשִׁי, יוֺם: 58:13 (twice in verse) (with כבּד). H also שַׁבְּתֹתֵיכֶם Lev 26:35; הַשּׁ ׳מִמָּחֳרַת 23:11, 15, 16; שַׁבְּתוֺתַי 19:3, 30; 26:2; Isa 56:4; Ezek 20:12; 22:26, +8 t. Ezekiel; || מוֺעֵד Lam 2:6.
d. P gives as basis God's resting Exod 20:11; 31:17; י ׳שׁבתות Lev 23:38; ליהוה ׳שׁ קדשׁ Exod 16:23, compare Neh 9:14, ׳שׁ שׁבתון Exod 31:15; 35:2; Lev 23:3; השׁ ׳עשׂה Exod 31:16, שׁ ׳עֹלַת בְּשַׁבַּתּוֺ Num 28:10, compare Isa 66:23; הַשּׁ ׳בְּיוֺם הַשּׁ ׳בְּיוֺם Lev 24:8 on every sabbath, abbreviation שַׁבָּת שַׁבַּת 1Chr 9:32; לַשַּׁבָּתוֺת || חֳדָשִׁים + מועדים 23:31 3t. Chronicles, Neh 10:34 (ל omitted by error); work punished by stoning Num 15:32, 36; trade prohibited Neh 10:32; 13:15-21.
2 day of atonement is a שַׁבָּתוֺן שַׁבַּת Lev 16:31; 23:32 (P), compare שַׁבָּת שָׁבַת 23:32 (P).
3 sabbath year, שַׁבָּתוֺן שַׁבַּת Lev 25:4 (H); ליהוה שַׁבָּת 25:2; 25:4 (H), (הארץׅ רצה שַׁבְּתוֺתֶיהָ 26:34 (twice in verse); 26:43 (H), 2Chr 36:21.
4 = week(?): שַׁבָּתוֺת שֶׁבַע Lev 23:15 (H), seven sabbaths or weeks; (ה)שָּׁנִים שַׁבְּתתֹ שֶׁבַע 25:8; Lev 28:8 (H) seven sabbaths or weeks (of years), uncertain (see Mark 16:2, 9; Luke 18:12; Matt 28:1, compare Jewish-Aramaic usage); possibly שַׁבָּת Isa 66:23 = week (Du).
5 הָאָ֫רֶץ שַׁבַּת Lev 25:6 (H) = produce in sabbath year (growing of itself).
GREEK DICTIONARY
Hebrew and Greek Dictionaries w/TVM, Strong - G4521
σάββατον (sábbaton | sab'-bat-on)
Derivation: of Hebrew origin (H7676);
Strong's: the Sabbath (i.e. Shabbath), or day of weekly repose from secular avocations (also the observance or institution itself); by extension, a se'nnight, i.e. the interval between two Sabbaths; likewise the plural in all the above applications
KJV: —sabbath (day), week.
See: H7676
Cognate Group: G4521 (sabbath), G4520 (rest)
Variants: σάββατον
Hebrew Equivalents: שַׁבָּת, שַׁבָּתֹון
Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament, Thayer - G4521
G4521 — σάββατον
σαββάτου, τό (Hebrew שַׁבָּת), found in the N. T. only in the historical books except twice in Paul's Epistles; sabbath; i. e.:
1. the seventh day of each week, which was a sacred festival on which the Israelites were required to abstain from all work (Exod 20:10; 31:13; Deut 5:14);
a. singular σάββατον and τό σάββατον: Mark 6:2; (16:1; John 5:9f, etc.; equivalent to the institution of the sabbath, the law for keeping holy every seventh day of the week: Matt 12:8; Mark 2:27; Luke 6:5; λύειν, John 5:18; τηρεῖν, 9:16; ἡ ἡμέρα τοῦ σαββάτου (הַשַּׁבָּת יום, Exod 20:8 and often), the day of the sabbath, sabbath-day, Luke 13:16; 14:5; ὁδός σαββάτου, a sabbath-day's journey, the distance it is lawful to travel on the sabbath-day, i. e. according to the Talmud two thousand cubits or paces, according to Epiphanius (haer. 66, 82) six stadia: Acts 1:12, cf. Matt 24:20 (the regulation was derived from Exod 16:29); cf. Winers RWB, under the word Sabbathsweg; Oehler in Herzog xiii., 203f (cf. Leyrer in Herzog edition 2 vol. 9:379); Mangold in Sehenkel v., 127f; (Ginsburg in Alexander's Kitto under the word Sabbath Day's Journey; Lumby on Acts 1:12 (in Cambr. Bible for Schools)). as dative of time (Winers Grammar, § 31, 9 b.; Buttmann, § 133, 26): σαββάτῳ, Matt 24:20 (G L T Tr WH); Luke 14:1; τῷ σαββάτῳ, 6:9 L text T Tr WH; 13:14; 14:3; Acts 13:44; ἐν σαββάτῳ, Matt 12:2; John 5:16; 7:22 (here L WH brackets ἐν),23; ἐν τῷ σαββάτῳ, Luke 6:7; John 19:31, accusative τό σάββατον during (on) the sabbath (cf. Buttmann, § 131, 11; Winer's Grammar, § 32,6): Luke 23:56; κατά πᾶν σάββατον every sabbath, Acts 13:27; 15:21; 18:4. plural τά σάββατα, of several sabbaths, 17:2 (some refer this to 2).
b. plural, τά σαββάτων (for the singular) of a single sabbath, sabbath-day (the use of the plural being occasioned either by the plural names of festivals, as τά ἐγκαίνια, ἄζυμα, γενέσια, or by the Chaldaic form שַׁבָּתָא (Winers Grammar, 177 (167); Buttmann, 23 (21))): Matt 28:1; Col 2:16 (Exod 20:10; Lev 23:32 etc.; τήν ἑβδόμην σάββατα καλουμεν, Josephus, Antiquities 3, 6, 6; add, 1, 1, 1; (14, 10, 25; Philo de Abrah. § 5; de cherub. § 26; Plutarch, de superstitione 8); τήν τῶν σαββάτων ἑορτήν, Plutarch, symp. 4, 6, 2; hodie tricesima sabbata, Horace sat. 1, 9, 69; nowhere so used by John except in the phrase μία τῶν σαββάτων, on which see 2 below); ἡ ἡμέρα τῶν σαββάτων, Luke 4:16; Acts 13:14; 16:13 (Exod 20:8; 35:3; Deut 5:12; Jer 17:21f); τοῖς σάββασιν and ἐν τοῖς σάββασιν (so constantly (except Lachmann in Matt 12:1, 12:12) by metaplasm for σαββάτοις, cf. Winers Grammar, 63 (62); (Buttmann, 23 (21))) on the sabbath-day: 12:1(see above),5, 10-12 (see above); Mark 1:21; 2:23; 3:2, 3:4; Luke 4:31; 6:9 (R G L marginal reading) (1 Macc. 2:38; the Sept. uses the form σαββάτοις, and Josephus both forms). On the precepts of the Jews with regard to the observance of the sabbath, which were for the most part extremely punctilious and minute, cf. Winers RWB, under the word Sabbath; Oehler in Herzog xiii. 192ff (revised by Orelli in edition 2 vol. xiii. 156ff); Schürer, Zeitgesch. 2te Aufl. § 28 II.; Mangold in Schenkel see, .
As shown above the creation Sabbath of Genesis 2:1-3 and Gods' commandment in Exodus 20:10 and the scripture definition to the creation Sabbath of Gods' 4th commandment in Exodus 20:8-10 is the "seventh day of the week". The instructions on how to keep the "seventh day" that God blessed and made holy are given in Gods' 4th commandment in Exodus 20:8-10. As shown above the Hebrew and Greek noun of H7676 and G4521 shabbath of Gods 4th commandment does not mean rest. It is a noun that is descriptive or a name applied to "the seventh day of the week". The word that it comes from though is שָׁבַת (shâbath | H7673) shabath (note one b instead of 2 between H7676 and H7673). This is from Genesis 2:1-3 and means rest and is an action verb. So we keep the Sabbath by resting on the "seventh day" of the week while the name of the "seventh day" of God's weekly creation is simply called "the Sabbath" which is the noun of what we are to rest on.
I say you are not fully correct here. You are referring to the JEWISH SABBATH. The romans had they’d own day of rest and worship of their sun God, Sol. Therefore it is perfectly valid to use the word ‘Sabbath’ for ANY DAY classed as a day of rest and worship but obviously such a day of rest and worship may not be THE SEVENTH DAY designated by God to the Jews:As posted earlier, there is no such thing as a Jewish Sabbath. According to Jesus the Sabbath was made for all mankind at creation (see Genesis 2:1-3; Mark 2:27)
- “Shabbat is the Jewish Day of Rest. Shabbat happens each week from sunset on Friday to sunset on Saturday. During Shabbat, Jewish people remember the story of creation from the Torah where God created the world in 6 days and rested on the 7th day.” (A Family's Shabbat - The Jewish Museum London)
That wasn’t the point I was making and you know it. I said it was the ROMAN day of rest - the ROMAN SABBATH.Sunday worship is not Gods' Sabbath according to the scriptures
And just because they keep the Jewish Sabbath you think these are PEOPLE OF GOD?God has a people that have kept His Sabbath all through time to Jesus and the Apostles and all the disciples after the death and resurrection of Jesus unbroken to this very present day who still keep it as a holy day of rest according to the commandment (Exodus 20:8-11). The Jews continue keeping God's 4th commandment as do many Christians groups throughout the world (e.g. SDA.s, Seventh day Baptists, Messianic Christians and many others).
Hope this was helpful.
Do you not heed the word of God by Isaiah which says:
- ‘’Thus you nullify the word of God for the sake of your tradition. You hypocrites! Isaiah was right when he prophesied about you: These people honor me with their lips, but their hearts are far from me.“ (Matthew 15:6-8)