No, but they either are male or female no matter if I know that or not. A man is an adult human male (XY) and a woman is an adult human female (XX).
So you don't actually know if a human is a male or woman, if you meet one. That doesn't make sense. Let me explain, since you use science in effect as XX and XY.
If you were given a series of photos of humans, facial ones and general frontal ones and asked to rate male and female, you could do so.
So here is the explanation you wanted from me and which explains how we humans do this.
We are born as babies and go through a devolopment where we learn to in effect internalize language as behaviour learned in different contexts.
So you hear in effect a sound - woman and you learn that the sound and later written word matches the following:
Some humans who share a set of cultural and physical external charachtaristics.
But that is not unique to a woman, you learn that for a lot of words and even some where you might never have look up the definition of a word.
So here is a short series of words as starting with:
Woman: - an adult female person.
Female: - of, relating to, or marked by qualities traditionally associated with women.
Quality - peculiar and essential character, an inherent feature, property.
Tradition: an inherited, established, or customary pattern of thought, action, or behavior (such as a religious practice or a social custom).
Associate: to join or connect together, combine, to bring together or into relationship in any of various intangible ways (as in memory or imagination).
Find definitions for over 300,000 words from the most authoritative English dictionary. Continuously updated with new words and meanings.
www.merriam-webster.com
Now here is the combined version what goes on when you see a human, you treat as a woman.
You have in your brain a functional aggregate of past experinces of looks, sounds and behaviours for in effect a mental model of how to spot a female. That is not taught to you as per science and testing of chromosomes.
So the lie is that a woman is XX as such and only that. It has never been so and it is not so now. And you don't act according to what you claim a woman is.
How do I know that? Because there are humans who are different XX and XY. So in effect you have in all likelihood come across a woman, who has X0 chromosomes and thus is not a woman, yet you have treated her as a woman, because she is a woman as she meets the cultural and physical external charachtaristics we assign to humans who in effect look, sound and act like a woman.
That is the cultural big lie, namely that a woman is nothing but XX. And I don't tell that lie, I tell the truth and I use science.