It humors me that observation means these things. Like saying when religion talks of prayer, it actually means contemplation, deliberation and gratitude. How can you not understand that? LOL.
Yeah, I get that observation means a whole lot of things in scientific methodology. Seems like overarching assumption that 'observation' is without bias/prejudice, but I think we all know that's not accurate. (I'm anticipating response of - yeah, but it's the best we can do.)
Observation means acquiring relevant information or data through the mean of evidences, tests or experiments.
It not necessary for observing as in seeing through the naked eye.
The human eye can't detect or measure many things, so they often devices to obtain the necessary data for them.
For instance, if you need to measure the current, voltage, resistance or signal frequency of any live electrical or electronic component with any precision, then it is not possible to do so through sight, sound, smell or touch (which I highly don't recommend doing), so an instrument such as a multimeter will do quite adequately, and an oscilloscope is even better.
Whatever instruments or devices that may be used to measure or record the necessary data, then human factors, such as human errors and bias can be limited, if not totally eliminated.
Of course, scientists are human too, and some might try to affect the results in their favour, but that's why new hypothesis are tested not only by the authors of the hypothesis, but also independently tests by other scientists, by their peers.
The peer review is used not only to verify or validate any presented hypothesis (or theory), but to refute any explanation, prediction, data or findings, to find errors in the hypothesis or the test results, and even more important, to catch any cheat.
Take the Large Hadron Collider, for instance, the largest and most expensive scientific experiment in the world, was meant to test some of the theoretical physics in particle physics, like the superstring theory, especially supersymmetry.
Superstring theory was meant to replace both general relativity and quantum physics, because these two theories clash with each other. But the thing is that there are at least half-dozen variations of string theory, produced and advocated by different scientists or researchers.
String theory, superstring theory, supersymmetry, M-theory (multiple dimensions, as many 11 of them) are all theoretical physics. They (theoretical physics) rely on solely on logic and proving, by solving complex mathematical equations, not on evidences.
The LHC tests yielded no evidences to support supersymmetry. LHC also produced no new dimensions, which M-theory researchers have indicated, so that's a bust too.
The thing is that it would take a scientist to refute another scientist's work, and that can only be achieved through evidences or through tests and experiments.
The questions now for scientists around the world, especially for particle physicists:
- Should they discard superstring theory because of the LHC experiment has refuted it?
- Or should they continue down this road, and find other mean for testing supersymmetry and multi-dimensional M-theory?
If we look at the Big Bang theory, this model was also originally theoretical physics, with no evidences to support it, until Edwin Hubble showed us that galaxies are moving away from each, or expanding, to be Redshifted.
But more conclusive evidence for BB is that the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) was predicted in 1948 by Alpher and Herman, but only discovered 16 years later, in 1964. NASA have better images of the early universe from the WMAP mission, which showed residual light or radiation that can be still detected.
My point is that verifying what is true or not, can take years in science.
So should we give science more time with superstring theory or not?
You seemed to think all science is based on blind faith. That's not true if you are basing on evidences discovered.
If you have evidences - verifiable and empirical evidences - then the theory is not based on faith.
Faith is all about accepting things based on belief alone, regardless if there are no evidences to support such faith, or the evidences goes against the belief.
And all religions, especially theistic religions, are all based on faith, not on evidences.