Position A: Some people say that if God is omniscient and knows everything that will ever happen in the future that means we do not have free will because we can only make one choice (x), the choice God knows we will make. If we can only make one choice (x) what is causing us to make that choice? Is God’s foreknowledge of what we will choose (x) forcing us to choose x? If God’s foreknowledge is not forcing us to choose x, what is causing us to choose x?
In such case, I'ld say the obvious answers would be deterministic physics. Chemistry is pretty deterministic and life is, at bottom, the extreme expression of complex chemistry. So why shouldn't it be deterministic?
While I happen to be of the opinion that the very complexity of neurological pathways / brain chemistry actually provides us with a certain autonomy that makes us able to choose rather freely, the idea of it all, at bottom, being deterministic physics doesn't seem that far fetched to me.
But I don't experience it like that - which doesn't mean that it isn't so off course.
I feel like I am able to freely choose things and also change my mind. Off course, that could also just be part of the deterministic ways of complex chemistry - it could be an illusion. lol
However, I'm not aware of any good / sufficient evidence to support such, so instead I go with how it
appears to be to me.
Position B: It is my contention that God knows the one choice we will make and we will make that choice, but before we make that choice we have free will to choose from more than one option (x, y, or z). Whatever we choose will be what God knows we will choose because God has perfect foreknowledge. As such, whether we had chosen x, y or z, God would have known which one of those we were going to choose.
That makes no sense to me.
I don't see how
real free will can coexist with perfect foreknowledge.
To me, these things seem very much mutually exclusive.
The very basis of true "free will", is that the outcome of a free choice can
not be known beforehand with certainty. At best, one could make an educated guess. And in some cases, it might have an error margin of even only a fraction of a percent. But it would still be there. That's the "free" part.
Which position makes the most sense to you? Do you hold position A or B, or do you hold another position?
My position is that there are no gods to know anything - be it before or after the fact.
I think "free will" exists upto a certain point. I think it exists in that level of autonomy I referred to earlier as a result of the complexity of our brain chemistry and neural pathways.
I say "upto a certain point", because I also think that even though there is a level of autonomy in our decision making process, there's also still the aspect of deterministic physics and chemistry. There's also the fact that we can be manipulated into making certain decision, while we ourselves are very convinced of having had "free choice".
Mentalists abuse this psychological weakness all the time. It is their bread and butter.
"pick a card, ANY card". But in reality, you are picking the card that they wanted you to pick.
You think you had a free choice. You did not. They wanted you to draw the king of spades and sure enough, you drew the king of spades.
Please explain your position and explain why you hold it.
Ultimately, my position is that I don't know. Nobody really does. The relevant sciences aren't at the stage where this question can be answered.
So I go by what I experience and observe in the world and assume things are as they appear to be - until evidence shows otherwise.
And what I observe and experience, seems to be a combination of both: free will coupled with deterministic forces.
I like to compare it with software, although certainly not a perfect analogy
Consider a batch program. That's as deterministic as it comes. It will literally only do what it is programmed to do and nothing more or less. And it will do exactly the same thing every time it runs.
Now consider a self-learning AI program.
There's determinism there. But there's also an autonomous aspect. They are predictable, but only upto a certain point. If that weren't the case, then we wouldn't need AI after all....
So, an AI program
very much is underpinned by deterministic physics (the way the computer hardware, machine code etc functions and is programmed to function). Yet, the manifestation of the program
itself, isn't really that deterministic. Or, at least not in a way that is predictable.
There is a level of unpredictability there. Run it multiple times with a reset, and the outcome will not be the same - as opposed to the batch program.
Yet, the AI is also confined to the deterministic forces that underpin it, as well as within the boundaries of its ultimate capabilities.
For example.... An AI engine that learns to interpret what someone is drawing (like for example this one here:
Quick, Draw! (quickdraw.withgoogle.com) )... this engine will become better and better at recognizing drawings. It will however not learn how to cook an egg.
(the drawing bit is not that good an example in terms of free decision making off course, I'm just using it to illustrate the natural boundaries around it ... whatever the AI will learn to do, it will stay within the boundaries of its own nature)