Yes, we have this universe to deal with, and one of the methods theoretical physicists use to explore it is by developing mathematical models which make predictions that can be tested by observation. And as Stephen Hawking noted, “The remarkable fact is that the values of [empirically validated] numbers seem to have been very finely adjusted to make possible the development of life.”
This is fine, but totally contradicts your previous posts concerning the reasonable human perception differentiating the objective from the subjective. Respond to the edited post #815.
The above smells of the religious agenda of Intelligent Design, which has no relationship with science. The unethical use of probability and claim of fine tuning represent aspects of the unfalsifiable Intelligent Design. The "appearance of Fine Tuning" is subjective and not falsifiable.
In previous threads I have gone into great detail with references concerning the egregious flaws of Intelligent Design, and I will go through this again if necessary.
The problem of the unethical use of probability is described in the following reference"
ramanujan.math.trinity.edu
TITLE: Intelligent Design and Mathematical Statistics: A Troubled Alliance
AUTHOR: Peter Olofsson Mathematics Department Trinity University One Trinity Place San Antonio, TX 78212 Email:
[email protected]
ABSTRACT: The explanatory filter is a proposed method to detect design in nature with the aim of refuting Darwinian evolution. The explanatory filter borrows its logical structure from the theory of statistical hypothesis testing but we argue that, when viewed within this context, the filter runs into serious trouble in any interesting biological application. Although the explanatory filter has been extensively criticized from many angles, we present the first rigorous criticism based on the theory of mathematical statistics. 1 Introduction A classic argument against Darwinian evolution used by creationists is that it is as likely as a tornado in a junkyard creating a Boeing 747. In recent years, the criticism has become more measured, coming not from young-earth creationists but from proponents of Intelligent Design.
5 Concluding Remarks
The explanatory filter may be logically sound but it is virtually impossible to apply. The criticism presented against Dembski’s application to the bacterial flagellum may be countered by pointing out that this is merely one example that is far from complete, which Dembski also readily acknowledges. In addition, he has no monopoly on the filter and there may be those who are more successful in applying it than Dembski himself. Regardless of any such objections, the application to the flagellum exemplifies the problems that will show up in any application to any even mildly complicated biological system. The first problem, how to describe a relevant rejection region seems, if at all possible, like a daunting task. Suggestions anyone? The second problem, unrealistic use of the uniform distribution, is at least possible to discuss. The probability of a biological system under assumptions of the uniform distribution might often be possible to compute, at least after some simplifying model assumptions. This probability will often be extremely small, and even though one could argue that the assumptions are deeply flawed to start with and that Dembski has no right to demand an alternative hypothesis, it is still the nature of scientists to assume the burden of proof. Biologists are interested in understanding the bacterial flagellum, and realize that it may pose huge challenges, irrespective of any criticism from the ID community. However, it is unreasonable to demand that the biologist be able to suggest a hypothesis that admits probability calculations. It is one thing to compute probabilities assuming unrealistic random assembly, quite another to compute probabilities based on realistic models of millions of years of evolution, reproduction, and natural selection.
In the words of prominent mathematical biologist Martin Nowak [10], “We cannot calculate the probability that an eye came about. We don’t have the information to make this calculation.” In a way, the ideas in The Design Inference and No Free Lunch are examples of an exaggerated belief in mathematical methods in the sciences. Mathematical methods are of course extremely useful, but not equally so in each scientific discipline. Theoretical physics, for example, would not exist without mathematics, but the situation is quite different in biology where systems and processes are much more complicated (from a mathematical point of view). Mathematics, probability, and statistics can be, and have been, very successfully applied in many fields of biology. However, there are also many obstacles and limitations and as we have seen, these are alarmingly present in attempted applications of the explanatory filter.