Hi
@rosends
I apologize for not responding earlier such that we lost our train of thoughts. I simply got busy at work and will be traveling for a couple of days soon.
THE CONCEPT THAT RELIGIOUS HISTORIES (E.G. BIBLICAL TEXTS, ETC. ) ARE SUBJECTIVE
Rosends said : “I don't put the kind of stock that you do into the existence of some transcendent and correct "history." History is a shifting set of understandings driven by agenda and limited by the available data, and the selection from among that data.”
I think you are actually quite correct on this point. History and the texts resulting from history are subjective and not necessarily correct.
Just as you point out that textual history is not “
transcendent and correct”, the modern Judaism based on the early Jewish historical texts is not built upon a “
transcendent and correct” version of textual history. The modern Jewish religion, is to a certain extent, a religion that, historically wise, was created, by a “
shifting set of understandings driven by agenda and limited by the available data, and the selection from among that data.”
REGARDING VARIATIONS IN BIBLICAL AND OTHER HISTORICAL TEXTS
Regarding your point that
“…this does not mean that every variant text has the same potential to change the normative and accepted text in a reconcilliatory process.
I agree that the presence of texts like the Dead Sea Scrolls that conflict with the Jewish text does not automatically mean the modern Jewish text is incorrect.
I also have to agree that no one knows what the most ancient and original Biblical texts said and thus, no one can claim with surety that their version is correct.
If we apply these agreed upon principles to the Jewish Masoretic text, we end up admitting that it is also an arbitrary “standard” text where one cannot tell if conflicting texts are more correct or it is more correct or multiple versions are wrong.
Having said this, I realized that
the Jews do not deserve being faulted for retaining an arbitrary standard unless they see a legitimate reason to adopt a different text. Even the changes the Masoretes made to the text, (though I think they were misguided), seemed to be made for honorable reasons (to keep God from being dishonored).
However, the application of these principles that “
the historical and theological information and claims found” in the Jewish texts are arbitrary and simply one version among many, and no one can really know what the original texts were, mean the modern Jewish texts are just as “
suspect” or perhaps more suspect as the O.P. claims the N.T. texts are.
To the extent that modern Judaism is built upon arbitrary and variant texts, any religious doctrines based on an arbitrary and capricious text is arbitrary and capricious.
THE MOTIVE OF BIBLICAL COMMITEES IN COORDINATING THEIR TEXT TO READ LIKE THE DEAD SEA SCROLL TEXT DOES
As to your comment that repairing the text of bibles resulting from the Dead Sea Scroll is “
a sort of appeal to novelty which is often set against an appeal to tradition…”
I do not think the motivation to coordinate modern biblical texts with Dead Sea Scroll texts was mere “novelty” (since, like the Jews, Christians, with their bible committees are also “tradition” driven similar to the Jews). Instead, I think the committees looked at the Scrolls and thought the Dead Sea Scroll version was more correct for reasons more logical and a more rational more coherent reasons. (I am assuming this since I have not read the discussions of the various committees. )
For example, the wiki article points out that this text "
...was included by the authoritative Jewish historian, Josephus, in his Antiquities of the Jews. He may have adopted these writings from 4QSama and other early Scriptural texts similar to its tradition.[13] Josephus wrote of Nahash's clever practice of putting out the right eyes of warriors, leaving them useless in battle when their left eye was covered by their shield (5.1, 386). For those who committed insurrection or rebellion against him, he would give the ultimatum of either, cutting "off a small member of their body, or universally perish[ing]" (5.1, 387). Consequently, the Qumran texts and Josephus himself combine to form our "two most ancient witnesses",[11] demonstrating the validity of the missing segment from 1 Samuel 10 and thus must be considered valuable revelation."
However, the question remains as to why this portion is missing from the Masoretic Text and Septuagint at all. Dead Sea Scrolls scholars indicate that its exclusion is possibly due to "mechanical or scribal errors" that occurred during the copying of the text.[14] Furthermore, Emanuel Tov, professor at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem notes that these verses were most likely accidentally omitted in the earliest stages of copying.[15] In accordance to Tov, professor of Theology at the University of Notre Dame, Eugene Ulrich writes that a number of scribal errors occurred by the hand of a Masorete ancestor(s) that were never corrected in the later traditions of the Masoretic Text.[13] Thus, while scholars acknowledge that this topic is problematic, there are no concrete explanations for its occurrence, only weighted assumptions concerning the human scribes and their transmission.
My point is that it isn't mere "novelty" that motivated such textual corrections in other bible committees.
WHY ARE THERE SO MANY VARIANT BIBLICAL TEXTS?
Regarding your question that “
one can ask "why are these variants different?"
I assume there are various reason for mistakes (homoteoutelon, lacunae, etc.) but I also assume various schisms of Judaism produced multiple versions of the texts for the same reason Christian schizms did.
For example, the branch of Judaism that calls themselves “Orthodox” produced their own version in the Masoretic with its own text which differs from the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Masoretes tell us that, in creating this Bible, they changed the original source texts. Perhaps creating a biblical text specific to a religious schism is simply the habit of all schizms who understand the texts differently than others.
THEOLOGICAL VERSUS HISTORICAL IMPORT
Rosends said :
“And if they have "no theological importance" then why would any religious authority chafe at the prospect of fixing the traditional text (as has been done in the past)? “
My point was NOT that variations to the text the Jewish Masoretes have in their bible are of “
no theological importance”. Some of them are very important.
I was referring specifically to Samuel 11:1 as having no
THEOLOGICAL import (that I can see). However, it does have
HISTORICAL importance.
Some of the variations in biblical text have a great deal of theological importance. I think that most individuals simply are unaware of the changes and of their import.
For example, the Masoretes tell us of the original text in Genesis 31:1 versus their version. The difference is of theological importance but How many Jews or Christians even know of the original version?
The point is that while the early versions may agree with the earlier ancient Judaism, it might not agree with the later religion Judaism became.
In the prior example I gave where the original text that has the Lord standing yet before Abraham is of theological importance since it indicates one of the three individuals visiting Abraham was the Lord rather than an angel. In such cases, I think the Masoretes should not have made changes to the source texts (but I do not think their justifications for changing the text were evil). I think they were trying to do good.
POST TWO OF TWO FOLLOWS