Well... Hindu cosmology dates to several millennia CE. The Bhagavata Purana, which is said to have been written down between 500-1000 CE, but was orally transmitted much earlier, speaks in no uncertain terms of things modern cosmologists are coming to accept (the bold is mine). These are verses dealing just with a multiplicity of universes:
Every universe is covered by seven layers earth, water, fire, air, sky, the total energy and false ego each ten times greater than the previous one. There are innumerable universes besides this one, and although they are unlimitedly large, they move about like atoms in You. Therefore You are called unlimited. Bhagavata Purana 6.16.37
After separating the different universes, the gigantic universal form of the Lord, which came out of the causal ocean, the place of appearance for the first puruṣa-avatāra, entered into each of the separate universes, desiring to lie on the created transcendental water. 2.10.10
Even though over a period of time I might count all the atoms of the universe, I could not count all of My opulences which I manifest within innumerable universes. 1.16.39
What am I, a small creature measuring seven spans of my own hand? I am enclosed in a potlike universe composed of material nature, the total material energy, false ego, ether, air, water and earth. And what is Your glory? Unlimited universes pass through the pores of Your body just as particles of dust pass through the openings of a screened window. 10.14.11.
Because You are unlimited, neither the lords of heaven nor even You Yourself can ever reach the end of Your glories. The countless universes, each enveloped in its shell, are compelled by the wheel of time to wander within You, like particles of dust blowing about in the sky. The śrutis, following their method of eliminating everything separate from the Supreme, become successful by revealing You as their final conclusion. 10.87.41
The layers or elements covering the universes are each ten times thicker than the one before, and all the universes clustered together appear like atoms in a huge combination. 3.11.41
And this from the late Dr. Carl Sagan:
The Hindu religion is the only one of the worlds great faiths dedicated to the idea that the Cosmos itself undergoes an immense, indeed an infinite, number of deaths and rebirths. It is the only religion in which the time scales correspond to those of modern scientific cosmology. Its cycles run from our ordinary day and night to a day and night of Brahma, 8.64 billion years long. Longer than the age of the Earth or the Sun and about half the time since the Big Bang.
Now, this is not a snipe, swipe or slap to the Qur'an, nor a promotion of Hinduism; rather, I think it shows that the Qur'an is certainly not the first scripture to come close to modern science. Though I find the comparisons in the first two posts nebulous at best, and a pretty far reach.