People are frightened of the unknown and unknowable - which makes perfect sense; what you don't understand can potentially hurt you.
I believe it was John Shelby Spong who said that religion is not a search for "Truth," but for security. I've noticed that religion tends to fill in the "unknowable" with "God,"
That’s why these are call “superstitions”.
It is the same with other ancient religions, where they filled the mysteries of nature or the natural wonders that they don’t understand with that of gods or spirits with certain attributes.
For instances, people in ancient time to the 19th century didn’t understand lightnings and thunders, so they attributed these natural phenomena to their respective deities. From ancient Mesopotamia, the god whose name in cuneiform was , which transliterated to Išhur in Sumerian & Adad in Akkadian in the 3rd millennium BCE (and continued in the 2nd & 1st millennia BCE with the Akkadian dialects of Babylonian & Assyrian). Adād was so popular in the Semitic people, that it spread west into Levant and Anatolia. So in northwest Syria and eastern Anatolia , the Hurrians used the same cuneiform for their thunder god Teshub, but among the Hittites, he was called Tarḫunna. While the Amorites brought Adad from Babylonia to the Ugarit that in Ugaritic cuneiform it became Hadad , which became the same god among the Canaanite pantheon; the Hadad was known by another name in Ugaritic and Canaanite, Ba’al.
Adād was depicted in Babylonian & Assyrian arts, holding thunderbolts in his hand, the same iconographic image in ancient Greek Zeus (Ζεύς) and Roman Jupiter. I don’t know if there are any connection between the Near Eastern thunder deities and Zeus. And of course, we cannot forget the Norse Thor (Þórr in Old Norse, and ᚦᚢᚱ (þur) in runic), whom the Vikings worshipped, but he was known by other Germanic names, like Donar (Old High German), Thunar in Old Saxon, Þunor in Old English, etc.
In India, Indra (Sanskrit इन्द्र) was god of rain & thunder, have been around at least 2nd millennium BCE, eg the Rigveda.
In Book of Job, God spoke to Job, claiming he was responsible for thunder and lightning, as well as rain, see Job 38:24-25, 38:35, 40:9 (thunder being God’s voice).
They are more, some of them I have not even heard about. But they all have in common of not knowing what really cause thunder and lightning, so the easier thing to do, was to attribute these natural phenomena with some deities…hence superstitions.
it was only in the 20th century, that scientists have fully understood these phenomena.
edit:
sorry, but cuneiform doesn’t work on this forum, so I cannot post any cuneiform. Ancient Greek alphabet, runes & Sanskrit work fine.