These verses merely point out the purpose and scope of these already existing heavenly bodies. The Hebrew word for "made" in the beginning of verse 16 is "awsaw" which, in this context, means "appoint"-- denoting a state of pre-existence. What is also interesting to note is the words "he made", towards the end of vs 16, are not in the original Hebrew implicating the stars pre-existing condition.
you are creating the context of appointing the already created sun and moon and stars
the same
made in vs 16 is also used in vs 7. and, this word, asah עשה, also means...
to do, fashion, accomplish, make
(Qal)
to do, work, make, produce 1a
to do 1a
to work 1a
to deal (with) 1a
to act, act with effect, effect
to make 1a
to make 1a
to produce 1a
to prepare 1a
to make (an offering) 1a
to attend to, put in order 1a
to observe, celebrate 1a
to acquire (property) 1a
to appoint, ordain, institute 1a
to bring about 1a
to use 1a
to spend, pass
it would seem to indicate, when god says, ''let there be" god is creating it into existence...as is the case in vs 1 and in vs 14..."let there be light
s..." notice, one guides the day and one guides the night....the lesser light...
My premise is the earth, sun, moon, and stars were already in existence prior to the start of the narrative in Gen 1:2. On the first day, the earth was so dark not even translucent light from the already existing sun and moon could pierce through the thick clouds (Gen 1:2). Similar to a bad storm where the difference between night and day is indistinguishable.
but your premise is not consistent with vs 16 which describes what god spoke into existence on the 4th day...god spoke into existence a greater light for the day and a lesser light for the night. furthermore, whoever wrote this account surely didn't know that the light from the moon is actually a reflection from the sun...right? therefore we now know today...there is only 1 source of light that guides both day and night...
vs 16 God made two great lights—the greater light to govern the day and the lesser light to govern the night. He also made the stars...stars being other suns....
each "day" was separated by what god created on that day...
In verse 3-5, God cleared enough atmospheric debris so that someone standing on the surface of the earth was able to make a distinction between day and night but not yet be able to directly see the sun and moon. Plant life could certainly survive one day in a translucent atmosphere, no?
Verses 14-18 is not describing a new creation of the sun, moon, and stars.
you are ignoring what is plainly there.
vs 16 God
made two great lights—the greater light to govern the day and the lesser light to govern the night. He also made the stars. 17 God set them in the vault of the sky to give light on the earth, 18 to govern the day and the night, and to separate light from darkness. And God saw that it was good. 19 And there was evening, and there was morning—the fourth day.
so, in the beginning god created the heavens and the earth...
and god said let there be light...God saw that the light was good, and he separated the light from the darkness...
clearly he created light without the sun
because on the 4th day in vs 14 he spoke into existence “Let there be lights in the vault of the sky to separate the day from the night"
just as in vs 3...let there be light...
i still do not see the purpose of night for the 1st 3 days... if god clearly created the sun the moon and stars on the 4th day...
so many holes to fill...
so many goal posts to move...
critical thinking need not apply.